Business Analysis On Business Communication - 1534 Words

Although much associated with business still relies on face-to-face communication, technology has taken its place in business-to-business communication practices as being reliable, effective, and efficient. Whether discussing a major decision with an executive level officer, starting a new company in search of product and distribution, or informing a department that layoffs may occur, the communication process remains the same. A purpose defines the reason a process begins. The initiator, or the sender, has an intended message for a specific audience, the receiver. With business-to-business communication, technology used to deliver the message, the environment in which the communication takes place, and the noise that causes distractions†¦show more content†¦(About.com, 2011). On a good day, walking into a business to solicit a different product, service, or partnership opportunity means that a decision maker has been spoken with and an additional appointment may be establis hed so that decision maker can have more available time to hear what is being pitched. More than likely, however, a card or name will be collected with contact information and that particular individual must create a method of re-contacting those potential business opportunities at a later time. Through the use of VOIP, or voice over Internet provider as a less expensive way for a business to have phone services, a call is made to create a relationship that could potentially provide additional opportunities. The salesperson acts as the sender with the purpose of selling his company’s products or services. The receiver should be the decision-making contact that had been collected while cold calling. The environment is more than likely a cubicle to personal office setting and depending on how the day of that decision maker is going will determine if the noise becomes too distracting. If the message is delivered successfully, hopefully that salesman will receive positive feedbac k. In this particular situation, the message and technology used are appropriate given the environment and purpose because unless that salesperson makes face-to-face contact on the initial visit, phone and e-mail will be that individual’s only available means of

The Pitfall of Free Samples of Essay Start off in the Beginning of the Essay

The Pitfall of Free Samples of Essay Start off in the Beginning of the Essay If you would like to learn what an argumentative essay is, the very first thing you ought to remember is that its principal aim is to convince the audience to accept your perspective. Brainstorming before starting your essay will enable you to uncover the very best supporting ideas rather than simply regurgitating the very first thing that pops into your head and will permit you to make clear and well thought out arguments. After choosing the topic, prepare the outline of whatever you need to write. The range of paragraphs equals the amount of arguments. Finally, the school isn't a fashion show. Students have to spare some opportunity to perform some planning and organization if they are supposed to compose excellent essays. In that circumstance it is known as a college admission essay. You will receive well-written but cheap essays to increase your grades. Do not be concerned, EssayPro is here in order to teach our students everything they will need to learn about crafting an informative essay! Deep within every individual, someplace past the rational and civilised methods of adult male, there's a pure start of immorality. In the start, the experience wasn't positive because I was missing my family members and friends back at home in India. The Free Samples of Essay Start off in the Beginning of the Essay Game Bear in mind, never begin with a joke if you're analyzing a paper on mental ability. The last point to observe is the best way to compose a conclusion for an expository essay. You might get scared in the start but it becomes exciting once you've got a strong command over it. Your essay may have a happy or sad ending, based on your story. A catchy essay introduction will pull in the reader and capture his attention for the remaining part of the piece. You should remain creative in deciding upon the words for your essay, so attempt to steer clear of cliches throughout the paper. Any great task finishes with a wonderful conclusion and the very best examples of the argumentative essay will arrive in with a conclusion which has an overview of all of the points together with a gist of the evidences provided. Getting the Best Free Samples of Essay Start off in the Beginning of the Essay From time to time, the aim of the autobiographical essay is college admission. Lastly the essay is proof read to learn if the job is unique. In conclusion, it appears that assignment essays continue to get a prominent part in tertiary education as an assessment tool. Reflective essays serve only a single purpose to reveal your capacity to logically reflect on a specific issue. You may use the samples as a foundation for working out how to write in the proper style. The absolute most important to bear in mind is that the many forms of essays have various expectations for their introductions. All the reference items begin with the title of the information supply. Should you need papers on some excellent history essay topics and you truly feel overwhelmed, don't hesitate to enlist the help of a premium writer on the service. Finding out how to write a great essay can appear difficult, but it does not need to be. It is possible to also depart from your essay for a while and come back later to see whether it's still logical. In addition, your essay needs to be written in line with the universal rules of grammar and literature. Stephen's essay is quite effective. To begin with, unlikely different essays, you ought not supply a summary in your introduction. Just continue your introduction short and easy. Essay introduction is your roadmap for the whole essay. Thus, writing an essay introduction is most likely one of the absolute most essential things in an essay as it is the very first thing that the reader goes through. In order to supply an in-depth understanding about the argumentative essay, it is best to examine some of the greatest examples of argumentative essay. The subject of the essay is easily the most important element of a narrative essay. A quick essay doesn't need an overview of the principal ideas. Every precise detail matters if you would like to assemble an excellent narrative essay.

How Am I Different From You free essay sample

I was diagnosed with Tourette syndrome at six years old. It was a struggle both before and after the diagnosis. For people who do not know what Tourette syndrome is, it’s a neurological disorder that causes me to make loud sounds, have spasms and say or do things that I don’t mean. For example, I grew up with a tic that I rolled my eyes at people. A tic is the movement or noise that occurs when someone has Tourette syndrome. Before I was diagnosed, the eye-rolling tic was the hardest to understand. I was four years old when I started showing symptoms of Tourette syndrome. Therefore, I could not comprehend why rolling your eyes was so disrespectful. In fact, my dad yelled at me all the time because I would roll my eyes at him. I could not control it, but my dad did not seem to understand. We will write a custom essay sample on How Am I Different From You? or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page My mom however, knew what I was going through because Tourette syndrome is genetic, and it was going through her side of the family. Honestly, if I was born into a different family, one without Tourette syndrome, I do not know if I would make it. Tourette syndrome makes me who I am. In kindergarten, everybody disliked the teacher. Even the kids that did not have her thought she was mean. However, before long, I got to know her and something about her made me like her a lot more than the other children did. At parent teacher conferences, my mom and dad met my first teacher, and she suggested we go see a neurologist because I had been â€Å"twitching.† That is what she called it: twitching. I remember the word she used because yes, it was a twitch, but she did not know what else to call it. Once I learned that it was not a twitch, it was a â€Å"tic,† I became religious in calling it a tic. Anyway, my parents had never heard of Tourette syndrome before, as not many people do. But my pediatric neurologist had told my mom only of the horror stories of Tourette syndrome. My mom was so frightened by these stories that once she got home she lied down and cried. To this day, I hate seeing my mom cry, especially because she was so scared by the doctor that she did not want to live with it. After all, she lived with it alone for her entire life. Her parents did not know what it was, because she would always hide it. My mom did not want that for me. So instead of leaving it as it was, my mom put me on medications to decrease my symptoms, making school, home, church†¦everything better for me. It was medicine after medicine up until I turned 16 years old. I think this was the hardest part because of all of the different side effects that come with every medication. One medicine, Haldol, turned me into a zombie. The next medicine, Risperdal, made me gain thirty pounds in about a year which is a lot especially for a ten year old. These side effects were horrific, and caused so many internal and external changes. But overall, I am still unique. I am my own person because I have Tourette syndrome. I do not know where I would be without it. Growing up with Tourette syndrome is definitely a struggle, but inclusively, it has made me who I really am My mom always tells me how compassionate I am, and that she thinks if I did not have Tourette syndrome, it would be completely different. I hate it sometimes, but my Tourette syndrome gets me through the day. At the end of the day, I know what truly makes me who I am. I do not think anybody else could have expressed the same feelings as me because everybody’s story is different, especially mine.

Organic restaurant

Organic restaurant has of late been popular, due to the fact that the world is turning green. This type of restaurant prepares foods that have been grown using organic products. They also bear in mind using environment friendly commodity and equipment. The restaurant blends in the perfect delicious organically prepared dishes as well as juices for detoxification (Vileisis, 2007).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Organic restaurant specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The social benefits of organic restaurant include, providing ready made food for majority of citizens in the country. Coming into the market would enable us to ease up the high demand of organic food products. Most families who opt to eat out during special occasion such as birthdays and national holidays, this will be the perfect spot for them since the food will be much nutritious for the whole family. The restaurant will capture the social environment and provide the necessary menu for this field. In the cultural environment, the chefs employed in this restaurant have been highly trained to produce several ethnic dishes to cater the diverse market of the different cultures. The chefs have a wide collection of ethnic recipes which will cater for the consumers with authentic menu. The restaurant will instill the sense of venturing into different cultural food (Akinyemi, O.M 2007). The restaurants will also boost local community farmers by purchasing organic farm produce. In addition, the restaurant also has political benefits. The different bills passed by our legislatures on conservation and utilizing the organic agricultural produce in the market, binds organic restaurant to implement this. This restaurant seeks to implement the political policies of agricultural sustainability in the 21st century. It will also go along way in advocating for environment conservation (Seaman McEachern, 2005). This sensitive political issue of en vironment conservation will be well tackled with introduction of organic restaurant. With the increase in number of consumers who are venturing into organic food products, I intend to open up an organic restaurant that would cater for all the needs of organic food consumers. The restaurant will be a medium size and will basically concentrate on those consumers experiencing chronic diseases and those on dieting program. Mothers and children will also provide an ideal client since organic food is very nutritious for young kids and pregnant mothers as well. I would also try to capture the vegetarian since this market has not been exploited well.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Acquiring organic food is quite costly hence the food cost at the restaurant will be a little expensive as compared to conventional food stuff. The restaurant will provide employment opportunities to sev eral chefs and waiters. It will also act as a source of income to cater for both the staff and my financial needs. This will also generate revenue for the government as well. The restaurant will provide ready market for the farmers who practice organic farming. Due to innovation of new technology in the agricultural sector, most farmers have switched to producing conventional farm products. This prompts scarcity in production of organic food products hence restaurants face difficulty to get organic food suppliers (Wright McCrea, 2008). Organic restaurant faces stiff competition from other restaurants offering conventional food. With the estrangement from the nature world by our modern culture most citizens have lost touch with conservation and healthy feeding. The restaurant will bring back the essence of going back to culture. Most importantly it should convey the message of conservation of the environment. Establishing this restaurant will also channel to transform many citizen s to start eating healthy food stuff. It will be a perfect way for most consumers to learn how to live and watch their feeding habits. References Akinyemi, O. (2007). Agricultural Production: Organic and Conventional Systems. New York: Science Publishers. Seaman, C. McEachern, M. (2005). Competitive Advantage in Food and Agribusiness Industries. West Yorkshire, England: Emerald Group Publishing Ltd. Vileisis, A. (2007). Kitchen Literacy: How We Lost Knowledge of Where Food Comes from and Why We Need to Get It Back. Washington DC: Island Press.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Organic restaurant specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Wright, S. McCrea, D. (2008). Handbook of Organic and Fair Trade Food Marketing. Berlin: Wiley. This essay on Organic restaurant was written and submitted by user Farrah L. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Claudio Monteverdi Essay Example

Claudio Monteverdi Essay Example Claudio Monteverdi Paper Claudio Monteverdi Paper Monteverdi letters do provide great insight into his life, but the fact remains that the most important biographical documents and dates are missing (Redline, 1-2). Even information on his ancestors and immediate family is sparse because most of them are unknown, the exact dates of his father and mothers birth and death are even unknown (Redline, 2-3). The most startling secret of Monteverdi existence Is that his body Is lost; his remains are known to be In a public tomb of the Chapel of Santa Imbroglio In the del Frail Church, but no one can Identify his remains from the remains of all the other people that were put to rest there (Moldier, 386). While much of Monteverdi biographical information may be lost, his letters and influential music provide a wealth of information on his life (Redline, Examine). Monteverdi life is known to have begun in Ceremony, Italy, but the exact date of the birth is not known (Examine, 117-118; Redline, 4). His birth has been established to be in the early part of May 1 567, and the baptismal records at the Church of S. Nazarene and S. Cells in Ceremony confirm this time. The church records reveal Monteverdi birth date to be May 15, 1567 (Redline, 4). While the Church register of baptisms does provide a birth date for Monteverdi, it also creates confusion about the spelling of Claudio last name (Raddled, 4). The church records provide the spelling Monteverdi, which contradicts the spelling: Monteverdi that Is present on all of the Orlando 121 letters (Raddled, 4). The confusion about the name Is completed by the spelling that is in printed collective editions of his works, which reads Monteverdi (Redline, 4). The spelling Monteverdi takes precedence because Claudio as known to have not overseen all the printed editions (Redline, 4). While Monteverdi name and life was a confusing composition of secrets, his familys lives were not any more revealing. Monteverdi was the first born of five children, and biographers only mention one of the siblings, Gigolo Cesar, as having any significant presence in his life (Redline, 3). Monteverdi was probably the closest with his brother that was six years younger than him because they shared the ambition to have musical careers (Redline, 3). Cesar first appeared In 1607 as the publisher of Monteverdi Scherzo Musical and as the tutor of the Deliberation, which was strongly Influenced by Monteverdi (Raddled, 3). The relationship between Monteverdi and Cesar Is Implied to be a happy one, which can be illustrated by Monteverdi inclusion of two small original compositions of Curares In Nils volume AT ten scenery Cesar neon an organs post In Castellated, and he was later Maestro did Chapel at Solo Cathedral in 1612 (Redline, 3-4). He seems to have had an intimate relationship with Monteverdi during the Mutant period of Claudio life, yet he is not mentioned after the year 1612. His arenas are completely different in the amount of information that is known about them; his mothers maiden name and Christian name are unknown, and she is mentioned very little in any sources on the topic of Monteverdi life (Redline, 1-2). Ballades, Monteverdi father, is much more evident in Claudio life (Redline, 3); Ballades was a doctor, which provided his family with a comfortable lifestyle and his children with a classical education under the best teachers (Redline, 3). The teacher that Ballades chose for his sons (Claudio Monteverdi) musical education was Marc Antonio Engineering; Ballades was a cultured man with the means o provide the best for his son (Redline, 4). Engineering was without a doubt the most important musician within the boundaries of Ceremony (Redline, 4). Claudio was a pupil of Engineers for ten years, which can be illustrated by Monteverdi mention of him on the title-pages of Monteverdi compositions during that time period, 1580-1590 (Redline, 5). There was a three-year gap between Monteverdi books of madrigals at that time, but the sub-title of the later publication that mentions Engineering implies that the master and pupil were together (Redline, 5). Under the audience of Engineering, Claudio composed Continually at the age of fifteen; the work showed the pupils complete understanding of the three-part vocal writing style (Redline, 5). Monteverdi was an oddity in that he had already published four diverse works: tracing, sacred madrigals, contrasts, and secular madrigals before he was twenty years old; this musical foundation was laid by his master, Engineering (Redline, 5). The first time that Engineers name is absent from the title-page is in 1590 when Monteverdi dedicates a book of madrigals to his new master, the Duke of Mantra; his is the last time Engineers name is mentioned in accordance with Monteverdi (Redline, 6). Monteverdi career at the Court of Mantra began in 1590, but he on probation during this year (Redline, 6). He was only accepted for a permanent position at the beginning of 1591 (Redline, 6); he was hired as a singer and violist (Examine, 117-118). He served there for 21 years (Examine, 117-118), and during this time he was promoted to Cantors, which is basically a music director (Redline, 9). During Monteverdi career at Mantra he created many great works, including his and Mantas first opera, Refer (Shards, 224-225). The opera was performed in 1607, and it was a lavish production (Examine, 119-120). Refer contained star soloists, a chorus, dancers, and a large orchestra of about forty players; the lavish setting of the opera was mostly per request of Monteverdi master (Examine, 119-120). Monteverdi master, Vincent I Conga, was an important part of his life; he was the one that promoted Monteverdi in 1592 (Redline, 6,9), and he was the one that gave approval to Monteverdi choice of bride (Redline, 9). Claudio new wife was Claudia Castanet, the daughter of Monteverdi violist colleague, was a professional singer (Redline, 9). The two were married in the later part of 1594 or early in 1595, while Monteverdi was still serving at the Mutant Court (Redline, 9). The couple had two sons during their twelve-year marriage, but they also struggled Dialectally (Really, 1 I en years AT Atlanta trouble spanned Trot to 1607, which was also a time of illness for Claudia (Redline, 15). The Monteverdi family moved to Ceremony to live with Ballades, Monteverdi father, who cared for Claudia (Redline, 15). The stress from their debts caused Claudia health condition to worsen, and she died on September 10, 1607 (Redline, 15). She left Claudio a widower t the age of forty (Redline, 39-40) and with two sons: ages seven and two (Redline, 15). After Claudio and Claudia short marriage and her death, Monteverdi went into a time of oblivion and chastity (Redline, 42-43; Mainliner, 388). Monteverdi may have not known it during that time of pain for him, but he would be musically active again. He would be considered the bridge between two musical periods (Redline, 35). Monteverdi comprised both the Early Baroque and Venetian periods; he was able to live through the crossover between the two periods (Redline, 35). Each musical period had a part in shaping Monteverdi career. Works of the Baroque period (1600-1750) were known to be extremely emotional; it was a time of lavish and dramatic proportions, especially in music (Examine, 98). The best Baroque music is from the later part of the period, but the early period composers were the most revolutionary; this is the category Monteverdi fit into (Examine, 98). In Italy, especially, music was created or composed with texts that conveyed ultimate emotion; the text was the most prominent part of the music (Examine, 98). These reasons led to the creation of opera. Opera was conceived in Italy from the discussions of the Camera, small group of nobles, poets, composers, and other artists who began to meet regularly in Florence in 1575 (Examine, 116). The Camera wanted to create a new vocal style based on music of ancient Greek tragedies; it was designed to be midway between melody and speech (Examine, 116). While Monteverdi was not a member of the Camera, his first opera, Refer, followed the ideal the group had set up for opera (Mainliner, 393). Monteverdi, like other Early Baroque composers, preferred homophobic texture because he felt the words could be projected more clearly with one main melody and only a choral accompaniment (Examine, 98). Most of the Baroque opera was composed for ceremonial occasions at court and was designed as a display of magnificence and splendor (Examine, 116-117). Monteverdi operas and productions at the Court of Mantra are a perfect illustration of this Baroque period characteristic. The subject matter of the Baroque operas was Greek mythology and ancient history; the aristocratic patrons loved the classical civilizations of Greece and Rome and related to the Greek and Roman divinities and heroes (Examine, 116-117). Monteverdi went along with these ideals because he knew that while opera was a retentive expression, it was also a way to flatter and gain the acceptance of aristocracy (Examine, 1 17). While Monteverdi appreciated the ways of aristocracy as a way to gain success musically, he had a growing discomfort with the courts of princes and an increasing skepticism towards aristocratic methods of business (Redline, 44). These feeling became more apparent during Monteverdi Venetian period in his later years, which stems from his sudden and inhumane dismissal from the Mutant Court (Redline, 44). Monteverdi master at Mantra, Vincent l, died and left his heir, Francesco V, who dismissed Monteverdi without cause (Redline, 44). Even though Monteverdi felt negatively towards some aspects of his society, he was mostly unaffected by them (Mainliner, 393). He was more concerned with creating music of emotional Intense TTY en 010 not care auto skeletal or religious motives Duty simply artistic ones (Examine, 118-119). Monteverdi aspirations in the musical world were simply to create the highest degree of expressionism; he did not want to create new forms, he did not want to please nobles, and he did not want to gain spiritual enlightenment (Mainliner, 393). Even though these were not Monteverdi goals, he still attained them in some way. His relation to religion is the most ironic; he did not seem to be a spiritual man, yet much of the success of his career is based on religious positions he held and spiritual music he created (Mainliner, 392-395). The time period that Monteverdi lived in was the cause of most of his religious works and posts; the earlier portion of Monteverdi lifetime made spiritual music and musicians dominant (Redline, 46-47). Official musical posts were controlled exclusively by ecclesiastical appointments; Monteverdi appointment as Maestro did Chapel did San Marco outweighed any secular post (Redline, 46, 47, 48). He held this position at SST. Marks Church in Venice from 1613 until his death, thirty years (Examine, 118). Even in Monteverdi younger years of composition and training, many of his published works were dedicated to Ceremonies clergy and nobles (Redline, 5). Monteverdi relationship to the church seemed purely traditional (Redline, 43-44), but he was actually Just doing what was necessary to get his music heard (Shards, 247-248). This can be proven by the fact that Monteverdi did not compose sacred or elisions music until he was ordered to compose it by his master at the Court of Mantra in 1601 (Shards, 247-248). It was twenty-eight years before he published new sacred music, but his secular or nonreligious music was published regularly (Shards, 247-248). While he did not seem to enjoy his religious works, they, such as: the Miss and Vespers are considered to be some of his greatest compositions (Redline, 146-147). Claudio was also known to change the words of his secular works to make them into religious works that he was required by his society and his posts to create (Mainliner, 393-394). It is obvious that Monteverdi felt constrained by the religious requirements of his era, but change slowly occurred throughout Monteverdi lifetime. Music and the career of the musician changed slowly but drastically during Monteverdi life (1547-1643); colonization became more acceptable (Redline, 46-47). Even though Monteverdi was required to compose religious music, he was able to create secular music on the side (Examine, 118). Europe, especially Italy, became more of an artistic center; music became even more important for political functions for aristocracy (Redline, 46-47). While it was not Monteverdi intention to create new musical ideals and concepts in his works, he did manage to revolutionize music in many ways (Redline, 39). Monteverdi most dominant purpose in creating music was expressionism; he wanted to illustrate human nature through an artistic dramatic work (Shards, 226-227). He did not view musical forms as permanent or unalterable schemes or patterns for him to follow; Monteverdi used them as a guideline and altered them to achieve the dramatic effect he desired (Shards, 227). He compromised his mix of form and improvisation with the terms: Prima Practice and Seconds Practice (Redline, 117). Prima Practice accepted the art of polyphonic composing, and it made the music and words equally important (Redline, 117). Seconds Practice was extremely emotional; it is when the words climax with elemental force (Redline, 117). Monteverdi wanted to extend the previous range of emotions to Include gloating, excitement, Ana passion (Kamala, 1 achieved this intensity in his music by using more dissonance than ever before, and he would use new orchestral effects like pizzicato and tremolo to create angry and war-like feelings in some of his texts (Examine, 119). Claudio other musical achievements were: the discovery of orchestral color, which is blending the vocal and instrumental tones or timbres into a unique combination of sounds; his evolution of chromatics for expressionistic reasons; and the coining of characteristic types of motive (Redline, 39). Monteverdi music never followed the same pattern and was unpredictable; he was experimental enough to be considered revolutionary and traditional enough to be appreciated by society (Mainliner, 388). In the last phase of Monteverdi life during his Venetian period, he did not settle own as most composers of his time did (Redline, 37). He was very active musically; he published The Eighth Book of Madrigals in 1638 and Selves Morale e Spirituals in 1640 (Redline, 37). It is also during his older years that Monteverdi started to commission music again; he was seventy-four when he gave operas to the public opera houses (Redline, 48). Monteverdi even wrote for the first public opera house in Europe, San Casino (Examine, 118); it opened in Venice in 1637 (Redline, 48). Only a short time later, Monteverdi wrote his last opera: Oleomargarine did Poppa (Examine, 18). Monteverdi, along with other Early Baroque composers, was greatly forgotten until the 20th century with the invention of long playing records (Examine, 98). Even with the invention of records, only three of Monteverdi twelve operas are preserved and can be heard (Examine, 1 19). One of the remaining operas that can be listened to is Refer, which is the first opera ever written by Monteverdi (Examine, 119). It is also the first operatic masterpiece to be written by a professional musician (Examine, 117). Refer was composed in 1607 for the Mutant Court, and it was an ornate and lavish production (Examine 119-120). The story of the opera is one of Greek mythology, which is fitting because it was composed for Monteverdi aristocratic court that enjoyed the stories of Greek mythology and related to the characters (Examine 119-120). The myth and opera is about the very gifted musician Orpheus, the son of the god Apollo (Examine, 119-120). Orpheus is very happy after his marriage to Eurydice, but he is extremely depressed when he discovers the death of his new bride due to a poisonous snakebite (Examine, 119-120). Orpheus goes to the underworld or Hades to try and bring Eurydice back, which he able to do because of his musical talent (Examine, 119-120). Orpheus can bring her back to the world on the one condition that he cannot look back at Eurydice as he guides her out of Hades. In a moment of hesitation, Orpheus looks back at her, and she vanishes (Examine, 119-120). The opera ends with Apollo pitying Orpheus and allowing him to remain in Heaven eternally where he can gaze on Eurydice radiance in the sun and stars The specific movement that I feel encapsulates Monteverdi (Gamete, 119-120). Sino for expressionism and drama is in Act II; it is called Tu SE Mortar (Examine, 120). The translation of the title is: Mimi are Dead, which is what Orpheus is so intensely singing after the discovery of Eurydice death. This song is haunting because of its text, and its slow tempo and singular accompaniment. It seems as if Orpheus is all alone mourning the loss of his bride; it is a very intimate moment in the opera that made me feel uncomfortable as I listened to it, as if I should not have Eden listening In on tens mans private Ana sorrows LU moment. Scenically, LU SE Mortar is brilliant; it has a vocal line that is rhythmically free with barely any sense of beat or meter, and its phrases are irregular in length (Examine, These aspects of the song make Orpheus pain seem real; the odd rhythm, beat, meter, and phrase length make it sound as if Orpheus cannot contain his grief. This makes the song sound as if it were perfect at one time, technically, and now it is overcome with the pain of a lost love, so it is slightly off and does not sound completely correct or resolved. The songs oddities may also symbolize Orpheus life without Eurydice, which is now slightly off and does not seem to be correct. Monteverdi mastery of the past novelty of recitative is seen in Tu SE Mortar; the flexible setting of the text is meant to suggest the passionate speech of an actor declaiming his lines (Examine, 120-121). I definitely felt Orpheus passion as he sang the recitative, which provided the important information. The aria climaxed after the recitative, which made it even more powerful. I especially appreciated how Monteverdi made the word mortar very low, quiet, and eerie. It was as if Orpheus was whispering to Eurydice that she was dead, and Orpheus would then spiral into the aria, which I think symbolized his rage at the realization that his wife was actually dead. The song also involves lines about Orpheus bringing Eurydice back from the dead; these lines are also very loud and powerful. I think Monteverdi made these lines loud and extreme to show how determined Orpheus was to have his wife back. When Orpheus sings these lines, l will bring you back to me to see the stars again it is like he is singing to Eurydice like she is still alive.

Boy Oh Boy

Boy Oh Boy Boy Oh Boy Boy Oh Boy By Maeve Maddox This sentence in a newspaper feature about Civil War hero David O. Dodd, got me thinking about the word boy: Dodd is lionized in these parts as the â€Å"Boy Martyr of the Confederacy† although â€Å"Teen Martyr† would be a more accurate sobriquet for a young man who was only a year short of being old enough to be drafted into the Rebel army.† Dodd was 17 when Union troops occupying Little Rock hanged him in 1864. The word boy to refer to a 17-year-old seems a valid choice to me. Boy has been in the language since 1300. More than one etymology has been argued, but its origin is uncertain. Its earliest use in English was with the meaning â€Å"male servant† or â€Å"slave.† Note: Before boy came to mean â€Å"a male child,† the word girl was used to refer to young people of either sex. A speaker who wanted to refer to a â€Å"male ‘girl’† used the expression â€Å"knave girl.† Both words, boy and girl, had taken on their present meanings by the 1400s. In the British colonies and in the American South, boy was used to refer to non-white servants, regardless of age. Today, of course, such usage is considered to be extremely offensive. In France, until fairly recently, the usual term for summoning a waiter was garà §on, â€Å"boy,† but nowadays, serveur is the masculine term for â€Å"waiter.† Apart from its general meaning of â€Å"a young male, (usually below the age of puberty, or still in school),† boy occurs in a great variety of idioms that refer not just to male human beings of any age, but to dogs as well. Oh boy! Depending upon context and intonation, this exclamation can denote delight or dismay. For example, â€Å"Oh boy! I’ve won the lottery!† or, â€Å"Oh boy, you’re in trouble now. That’s my boy! A parent, proud of a son, might say this in approval of some accomplishment. Old boys’ club/old boys’ network: network of social and professional connections that perpetuate favoritism in government and other sectors. The expression originated with the British â€Å"public school† system. (In the U.K., â€Å"public schools† are elite private schools attended by the children of the wealthy.) Male graduates of exclusive schools were called â€Å"old boys.† Because of connections forged in school, these â€Å"old boys† went on to occupy highly placed jobs in government and commerce, helped by a previous generation of â€Å"old boys† who made up a segment of insiders. By extension, the expression can be used to refer to any kind of favoritism that makes advancement difficult for outsiders. There’s a good boy! An expression pet owners use with male dogs. Sometimes it is phrased as a question: â€Å"Who’s a good boy?† Down, boy! This expression is used to address a dog that is jumping on someone. By extension, it is used humorously to a man who reacts with interest when introduced to a good-looking woman. Our boys in uniform: Men serving in the military, regardless of age. Now that women are more visible in the military, the expression is not as common as it once was. Boys’ night out: A weekly social outing for friends, limited to men. Boys will be boys: An expression of resigned acceptance uttered when men do something despicable that is considered to be characteristic of age or sex. Send a boy to do a man’s job: to ask someone young, ill-equipped, or inexperienced to do difficult or complicated work. Usually in negative contexts, as â€Å"Never send a boy to do a mans job.† boy next door: Unlike most â€Å"boy† expressions, this one has a corresponding one for women: girl next door. The expressions denote a stereotypical personification of a young, unspoiled, admirable character whom one might safely fall in love with. boy king: Tutankhamen is often referred to as â€Å"the boy king.† Boy can be used in a descriptive sense with any noun: â€Å"boy wonder,† â€Å"boy genius.† Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Expressions category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:36 Adjectives Describing LightCapitalization Rules for Names of Historical Periods and Movements15 English Words of Indian Origin

PHILOSOPHY, GENDER AND CULTURE Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

PHILOSOPHY, GENDER AND CULTURE - Essay Example Heterosexuals as such are justly given privileges that will offer them political power, religious sanction, sexual freedom, moral status, occupational and tax privileges, cultural validation, freedom to have and adopt children and raise families, recourse against unfair hiring practices psychiatric and juridical non-interference among others (Hopkins 95). Heterosexism does not have any emotional and rhetorical effect that is associated with homophobia. Heterosexism is the most appropriate term to be used in describing the reason as to why television couples are all straight. The reason as to why marriage and joint tax returns are only meant for heterosexuals, why lesbians and gays in the open cannot be elected to office? Why can heterosexuals be allowed to adopt children or be foster parents? On the contrary, heterosexism cannot be used to describe a case that happened in Texas where a group of ten teenagers stabbed a gay man to death. In respect to this, therefore, heterosexism are protected. The term c usually, the first term of binary is always good, but the second term is bad. Heterosexism builds concepts and behaviors to enable hierarchical heterosexist to react to binary hence becoming homophobic. It is not necessary that one should be white to be considered a racist same way heterosexists are perceived as homophobic (Hopkins 96). Heterosexism may be different because its direct and obvious personal threats to gays. It nonetheless puts the political arena in a way that homophobia can continue to exist. Heterosexism is culpable for the production of homophobic. He choose to use the term homophobia for cases like petitions for fascistic law, brutality, fanatic claims or arbitrarily firing gay employees, but it does not always mean to characterize homophobia as clinical or an irrational response because it would be inadequate. Homophobia has evolved as primarily a political term, not as a psychiatric one and does not contradicts claustrophobia or agoraphobia only if political arenas are the same. 2. Explain Hopkins’ concept of homophobia. Make sure to note the connection of the two in defining these terms though Hopkins Hopkins explains homophobia as a similar term as heterosexism. It is used to refer to economic, physical, and juridical abuse faced by gays. There is no clear boundary between heterosexism and homophobia. According to Hopkins, the two words are used, in political environments, to present political needs. Homophobia is somehow dysfunctional to an individual or a group. Homophobic activity has some powers that usually influence. In a homosexual case, the conflicts reaffirm the appearance of a man in heterosexuality hence gaining a sense of safety and stability and oneself. Basing on the childhood modeling, homophobic activity wins approval from peers and authority figure, pretests one from becoming the target of other homophobes, and reaffirms one’s place in a larger context of gender appropriate behavior th us protecting a person’s personal identity. In his hypotheses, Hopkins recognized the fact that there are rational and functional aspects of homophobia especially in a heteropatriarchal context leading to another explanation of homophobia that has reversed the second explanation. The theory explains that queers are a genuine political threat to heterosexuals and do intend to eliminate heterosexual privilege (Hopkins 99). Radical feminist lesbians and certain radical men gays directly challenge

Operations management-report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Operations management-report - Essay Example Additionally, key focus is on managing people in an effective manner where skill sets are analysed and accordingly responsibilities are offered in a systematic and planned manner. It was also found that Just in Time concept has helped the organisation in eliminating chances of huge wastage along with responding to the changes in the business and social environment. Overall, it was concluded that Total Quality Management (TQM is also practiced by the organisation helping in maintaining high quality standards. All these initiatives have helped the company to strengthen its operational framework along with being successful. Slack, et al (2010) stated that operations management is concerned with designing, controlling, and overseeing production processes along with redesigning business processes for better production of goods and services. Hill and Hill (2011) added that operations management ensures that business operations are efficient enough to use little but impactful and robust resources exceeding customers’ expectations in a meaningful manner. Simon (2010) added that operations management is concerned with the conversion of inputs in the form of raw material and energy into the output offering value and benefits to a number of customers. Slack, et al (2010) further added that operations management has a close relationship with business operations and the success of the later can only define the success of the former. In this regard, it is important to analyse the business operations and processes in a critical manner. Heizer and Render (2010) added that the senior management needs to develop business strategies and line officers need to take tactical decisions in order to make business operations successful. Simon (2010) stated that the success of operations management is dependent on formulating robust business objectives along with aligning

Judith Butler Response Essay Example for Free

Judith Butler Response Essay Judith Butlers Beside Oneself: On the Limits of Sexual Autonomy is an extremely philosophical essay that asks many questions that challenges the reader to look within themselves to search for their own interpretation of what they believe the answer to be. The first statement that Butler opens with is, What makes for a livable world is no idol question. This statement almost seems like a question directed to the reader. I believe that people interpret what they believe would make their lives bearable differently. What I may seem bearable for my own life may be unbearable to anothers. It is up to the individual to decide for themselves. Butler continues by saying, It becomes a question of ethics when someone from a position of power decides what makes other peoples lives bearable. To me, the question of what makes my own life bearable is my family. Other people may have different responses to that question. It is not up to one person to decide for others what they can live and cant live without. I interpreted this concept to mean that no one should tell another person who they should love or what can make their lives livable because it is different for all of us. There is no simple answer, therefore no one should be in the position to tell other people how to live their lives. Butler finds something in common that we all share. We all grieve the lives of someone we have lost. We are all vulnerable to the pains and desires that our bodies feel for other bodies and we are all alike in that sense. Mourning is a feeling that everyone goes through when we lose someone and we all go through it in different ways. No one can tell you how to mourn or what is the correct way to mourn just as no one should tell you what makes your life livable. We all experience emotional ties to feel a sense of self and once that is taken away we lose a part of ourselves. Butler claims that we undo each other or else we are missing something. I agree that having close relationships with people make us weaker. We are vulnerable when our feelings get in the way of our judgments. We find ourselves wanting to protect our loved ones with our lives and wanting to make sacrifices for them that we otherwise would not make for strangers. That is also what makes human ties and bonds so special. We have the ability to love passionately and grieve deeply. These extreme emotions are what make us human and make our lives worth living. No one person can say they have superiority over another because they live their lives how they see fit and correct for everyone else. Butler goes on to say that ecstasy is a way to view how we live besides ourselves. The notion of ecstasy is a way to describe our passion or grief. When politicians talk about rights for gays, lesbians and bisexuals, they are talking to the group as bounded beings who all share the same distinct qualities. Yes, they share the same lifestyles, but to look at them as a whole excludes what makes each individual unique and what passions and hardships tears them from their being. Our bodies are how gender and sexuality are revealed to others, but the categorizing of these specific groups of people excludes so much more information about them that we will never know. Butler is saying that we need to strive to get away from being subjected as just humans. This notion does not make much sense because our culture does not view this idea as a normal thought. In order to fully understand a group of people who have been stereotyped, you have to view each individual as not only human, but a being that houses a broad spectrum of emotions that leads to ecstasy that makes them feel beside themselves. There is so much to a person and we often find ourselves limiting their capabilities by subjecting them to a specific term. Butler is challenging the way society views people who have been stereotyped by explaining that there is much more to any given person than meets the eye.

Are arithmetical truths empirically falsifiable? :: essays research papers

Arithmetic and the study of arithmetic have been around for many centuries. Used by people to trade with each other, understand each others’ problems, build houses etc. Arithmetic is a huge part of everyday life for everyone on the planet. So why do we have arithmetical ideas and concepts? I think this is pretty simple. Arithmetic exists because we need it to live and interact with each other. A good way for us to understand each other is through arithmetic. Although it sounds like arithmetic was found by humans, there is no way that it could have been created by us. Arithmetic is more of something that was discovered, although it already existed in the world around us. It was discovered so we can use it to figure out everyday problems and to understand the people and world around us. Later through extensive mathematics arithmetic has also become commonly used in high level mathematics where things may not relate to real life right now or sometimes never. It is crucial to understand the difference between two kinds of mathematics to really understand the question of arithmetical truths being empirically falsifiable or not. These two contexts in which we can analyze mathematics are pure mathematics (imaginary world) and applied mathematics (the real world around us). The imaginary world is the world that is created by formulas and mathematicians to try to understand the world in a general matter with certain theories while applied mathematics deals with real world problems rather than going for a general explanation. We can make this distinction by saying that pure mathematics never really only deals with the real world when it is applied thus causing it to be used as applied mathematics. Thus pure mathematics to a point is the cause for applied mathematics but this does not mean that pure mathematics deals with real world problems but rather might be the answer to some of the problems in the real world. I would also like to make the question about â€Å"arithmetical truths might be empirically falsifiable† or not clear, because there can be misunderstandings. I think the key to understand is that if an arithmetical truth is falsifiable it in no way means that the arithmetical truth is false. It just implies that there is a possibility that it might have a wrong answer or may be proven wrong in one way. This means that it is falsifiable if it might have one wrong answer at some point in time rather than false all together.

Implications of Economics and Policy for Health Professionals

Getzen, T. states, health is irreplaceable, and any change in health can strongly affect the value of many other goods. Health is more precious and time more limited than money. Managed Care is a system of health care that combines delivery and payment; and influences utilization of services, by employing management techniques designed to promote the delivery of cost-effective health care. Insurers/managed-care organizations controls health care in the United States today because nowhere are the changes in the U. S. health services system more evident and more constant than in area of managed care. The shift from fee-for-service to manage care was the need to reduce costs for care and was embraced by various payers as the solution to the unchecked rise in health services expenditures (Barton 2007). The current health care system in the United States is failing. Health Care costs are increasing at a pace which far exceeds inflation. Managed care organizations were established as a cost effective alternative to traditional fee for service. A constant and constantly changing factor that influences the delivery system is the strength of this economy (Barton 2007). When jobs are at stake in a weak economy and the housing market is also at its lowest, insurance premiums steadily increasing, individuals aren’t focused on maintaining health coverage they are more concern with maintaining their homes and trying to pay the mortgage. Health Care Administrators will be challenged with a number of different types of health decisions and choices can be distinguished from a wide range: individual decisions, health policy decisions, health action decisions, regulatory decisions regarding the health system, micro-level health decisions and decisions made outside of the health sector. PubMed suggests, with regard to health-related matters, decision-making is characterized by the level of uncertainty, the complexity of the health system and its structure, the role of urgency and the obligation to act; however, there is a significant emotional factor in these decisions and the supremacy of the individual in the decision-making process. On the policy side, health-related decision-making poses questions concerning the role of expertise and necessitates the development of public debate. As for the matter of health financing, namely through social security and insurance, it calls for a re-examination of the economic analysis of health decisions and policy and the development of a more coherent position on the right to health versus the right to universal coverage. Healthcare is changing in terms of how and where care is delivered, who is providing those services, and how that care is financed. Healthcare Administrators require trained staff to manage the changes taking place. Healthcare Administrators have an opportunity to make a significant contribution to improving the health of the communities their organizations serve. Health Care Administrators plays a key role in keeping cost at a minimum and oversee the delivery of quality care. It is a must that Administrators make effective decisions, they need to be open to different opinions and good at analyzing contradictory information. They must understand and incorporate the best business practices. Also their focus is integrating medicine through the highest quality, the most access, for the best economical method. (Linden 2010)

Physical and Behavioural Indicators of Possible Child Abuse Essay

Emotional abuse: Emotional abuse can severely damage a child’s mental health or social development, leaving a lasting impact on his life. Physical indicators: There are not really physical indicators of emotional abuse, but the child may have frequent psychosomatic complaints, headaches, nausea, abdominal pains. Behavioural indicators: The child may have mental or emotional development lags. Sometimes the child’s behaviour is inappropriate for the age. The child may be scared of consequences of actions, often leading to lying. The other indicators are aggressiveness poor peer relationships or overly compliant, too well-mannered. Neglect: Child neglect is a very common type of abuse – a parent’s inability to satisfy basic needs of the child, whether it is adequate food, clothing, hygiene, and adequate monitoring and care for him. Physical indicators: You can understand that that the child is being abuse by unattended medical and dental needs. When the child is inappropriate dress for weather conditions and has poor hygiene. Other indicator is when the child is not attending school or is not registered. Behavioural indicators: Emotional indicators are depression, poor impulse control or have lack of parental participation and interest. Also the child misuse of alcohol/drugs or regularly displays fatigue or listlessness, falls asleep in class. The child may start stealing food, or begs for food from classmates. Physical abuse: Physical abuse includes physical injury or trauma to the child. It may be the result of a deliberate attempt to injure the child, but not always. It can be the result of strict discipline, the use of belt or physical punishment, inappropriate for the child’s age or it’s condition. Many abusive parents and guardians insist that their actions are simply forms of discipline, a way to educate children. But there is much difference between the use of physical punishment to enforce discipline and physical abuse. The main effect of discipline is to teach children what is right and what is not, rather than live in fear. Physical Indicators: Physical indicators may be injuries as bruises, welts, cuts, burns, bite marks, fractures, that are not consistent with the explanation offered (e.g. extensive bruising to one area).Also repeated injuries over a period of time or injuries that form a shape or pattern that may look like the object used to make the injury for example buckle, hand, iron, teeth or cigarette burns. Other indicators are facial injuries in infants and preschool children for example cuts, bruises or sores. Also bald patches on child’s head where hair may have been torn out or repeated poisonings and/or accidents. Behavioural indicators: Behavioural indicators are runaway attempts, fear of going home or stilted conversation, vacant stares or frozen watchfulness, no attempt to seek comfort when hurt, also when the child describes themself as bad and deserving to be punished. You can understand that the child is being abuse when cannot recall how injuries occurred, or offers an inconsistent explanation and often absent from school/child care. Abused child may flinch if touched unexpectedly and may be extremely aggressive or withdrawn .The child may also use abusive behaviour and language in play. Sexual abuse: Sexual abuse is a very complex form of abuse beacause of feelings of guilt and shame. Important to note that sexual abuse does not always involve contact with the body. Physical indicators: Physical indicators may be sudden weight change, cuts or sores made by the child on the arm or recurring physical ailments. Also when the child has difficulty in walking or sitting and unusual or excessive itching in the genital or anal area due to infection. Other indicators are torn, stained or bloody underwear, also injuries to the mouth, genital or anal areas for example bruising, swelling, sores or infection. Behavioural indicators: You can understand that the child being abuse when it is sad and cries often, also if the child inserts objects into the vagina or rectum. The child may also change or loss of appetite and has sleep disturbances and nightmares .Also the child has fear of home or a specific place, excessive fear of men or women or lacks trust in others. The child may has age-inappropriate sexual play with toys, themselves or others for example replication of explicit sexual acts.

Factoring Values into the Analytical Process

Factoring Values into the Analytical Process Introduction The decisions of policy-makers can be affected by the values that these people have. They are supposed to find solutions that best serve the interests of the community. However, very often, the efforts of legislators do not produce the expected results. This paper is aimed at discussing the role of values in adjusting for governmental failures. There are several aspects that should be considered.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Factoring Values into the Analytical Process specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More First of all, in many cases, governmental officials fail to reconcile conflicting values and examine a problem from various perspectives. Moreover, they can focus on short-term results, rather than long-term impact of a certain activity on various stakeholders. By avoiding these pitfalls, public administrators can design more efficient public policies. These are the main issues that should be examined in greater detail. Governmental failures and values The failure to look at the problem from various perspectives First, one can mention that policy-makers take decisions and provide justifications on the basis of their values. For example, one can mention such a controversial issue as oil drilling. A person, who focuses on the preservation of the environment, can emphasize the impacts of pollution on health and life of the community while presenting his/her arguments. In contrast, a politician, who attaches importance to economic development, will set stress on the benefits of this activity (Weimer Vining, 2010). In turn, these people may not be able to look at this question from various perspectives and design the most effective policies. Similarly, such a situation can occur when public administrators cannot properly evaluate the costs and benefits a certain initiative. This is one of the first problems that should not be overlooked. Evaluation of long-term implications Apart from that, the values of policy-makers affect the analytical approach that adopt. This argument is particularly relevant if one speaks about market interventions such as protectionism in the United States (Segal, 2010, p. 10). For example, a supporter of protectionist policies can pay more attention to the number of jobs that such a policy can save. In contrast, an opponent of this approach can say that this policy will deprive the budget of the country of substantial income (Weimer Vining, 2010). Moreover, customers may have to pay a higher price for identical products (Segal, 2010, p. 10). Such a view of the problem is not complete. In the long term, it can result only in the failures of well-intentioned laws.Advertising Looking for essay on government? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Similar situations can be observed when governmental officials discuss the defense budget of a country. For example, those people, who v alue security, will speak about the threats that cannot be affectively addressed if the government does not increase its military expenses (Hewitt, 1991, p. 8). In contrast, other officials can emphasize the necessity to spend this money on other public needs. More importantly, these individuals are often unwilling to evaluate the long-term consequences of their decisions. Thus, one can argue that the values of a individual affect his/her choice of analytical framework. Conclusion On the whole, this discussion suggests that values play a critical for explain the failures of many governmental initiatives. Sometimes, the priorities of policy-makers can prevent them from examining the long-term consequences of their decisions. This problem should be taken into account by the legislators, who work on the development of laws. Provided that this issue is not addressed, their initiatives can lead to adverse consequences. Reference List Hewitt, D. (1991). Military Expenditure: International Comparison of Trends. Boston: International Monetary Fund. Segal, E. (2010). Social Welfare Policy and Social Programs: A Values Perspective. New York: Cengage Learning. Weimer, D., Vining, A. (2010). Policy analysis. New York: Longman.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Factoring Values into the Analytical Process specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More

Grammar Myths Ending a Sentence with a Preposition

Grammar Myths Ending a Sentence with a Preposition Grammar Myths: Ending a Sentence with a Preposition Why do people always misquote me? Winston Churchill Ending a sentence with a preposition has long been forbidden by grammar pedants. And when accused of doing this, Winston Churchill is supposed to have responded: This is the sort of nonsense up with which I will not put! Do you see what he did there? And even if he probably never said it, it provides a great jumping off point for discussing a famous grammatical â€Å"rule.† So is ending a sentence with a preposition really so bad? And if not, where did the rule come from? Let us explain. The Origins of the Myth Some people insist that it’s wrong to end a sentence with a preposition. This is otherwise known as using a â€Å"terminal preposition.† The rule about this comes from the notion that English should follow the same rules as Latin, in which it is impossible to end a sentence with a preposition. For someone who holds this view, sentence A below would be wrong: A) You are reading the book which my article was published in. B) You are reading the book in which my article was published. The problem is that sentence A ends with the preposition â€Å"in,† while sentence B places the preposition in the middle of the sentence. Arguably, this makes B sound more formal than A. But, at the same time, it is easy to understand what sentence A means. And English is not Latin, so there is no reason to follow Latin-specific rules. Modern English is much more flexible about preposition placement. And there’s no reason not to end a sentence with a preposition. Is Ending a Sentence with a Preposition Wrong? In English, we regularly use prepositions at the end of sentences. As long as the sentence in question reads clearly, this is fine. In fact, as shown by the quote attributed to Churchill above, avoiding terminal prepositions can sometimes make a sentence more confusing! For instance, rather than â€Å"up with which I will not put,† we would usually say: This is the sort of nonsense which I will not put up with! And while this sentence ends with the preposition â€Å"with,† it is easier to understand than the original version, which was designed to show what happens when we follow grammar â€Å"rules† blindly. The â€Å"rule† forbidding terminal prepositions is thus a myth. But, more importantly, it’s also bad advice! Most of the time, it’s fine to end a sentence with a preposition, especially if it’s part of a verb phrase such as â€Å"put up with.† The key is ensuring your work is clear and easy to read. And if you’re ever unsure whether you’re using prepositions correctly, we’re here to help!

Economic events Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Economic events - Essay Example Such historical instances of oil shocks had subsequent implications on the world’s economy in diverse ways. From observations of oil supply disruptions for over almost six decades now, from 1944, it is incontrovertible that high oil prices have been the significant cause of world’s major economic recessions. Introduction of Bretton Woods system was one of the post-war reconstruction initiatives undertaken by world leaders from over one hundred states. It is remarkable that the U.S dollar dominated during the world war for being very powerful against other currencies. The Bretton Woods system, a decision made in 1944, allowed for the exchange of different currencies. The conference also resolved to form the IMF. The World Bank was among the institutions formed during the conference. The IMF was created for the function of monitoring the different countries’ rates of exchange. It also served as an institution mandated to lend reserve currencies. The decision was to help countries with deficits to evade any circumstances that would cause devaluation of the country's currency and cause instability. The World Bank’s mandate was to issue capital needed to the underdeveloped countries as part of post-war reconstruction of the global economy. ... By the end of the second war, the U. S still experienced a relatively stable economic state compared to other countries. All the nations, therefore, decided to trade in dollar which was pegged to gold. The United States expressed its dedication to redeeming the international holdings of the dollar. The rate set was thirty-five dollars per ounce. This was the greatest reason for the stability in the financial system experienced after 1944. The gold standard set in 1944 ensured stability in the rates of exchange. Under the Bretton Woods system, there were exclusively limited conditions that would call for a reform of the value of gold in relation to the currency of any country. It led to the ceiling of the domestic money supply of every country. The 1970s, however, presented several challenges to the U.S currency following several economic conditions, which brought in many challenges to the stability of the dollar. There were the economic effects of the Vietnam War, for instance. The U .S, in 1971, made the decision that was later to have an effect on the entire world economy and cause a collapse of the stability that prevailed since 1944. Without consultations, the U.S disregarded the gold standard set in 1944. Floating rates started to function as compared to fixed rates after the uplifting of the pegging. Market trading remained the determinant of the currency value of all currencies. The effects of uplifting of the pegging on the oil price had extensive implications and were a cause of instability. Since the dollar is the global currency used in the crude oil market, a weak dollar would attract a high price of oil. An example is the high price of gasoline that

The Development of West Torrens Council Area Essay

The Development of West Torrens Council Area - Essay Example The building height should have uniform scale with other developments. Fences and walls including street frontage are also part of the development plan. The site should provide sufficient space for vehicle access and parking. Visual privacy, private open space should be provided for each dwelling including acoustic privacy. The ground floor level of all the dwellings must be elevated above the design flood level to avoid the risk of the people and properties Areas affected within 100 metres by industrial noise and other impacts or residential developments located near the industrial boundaries should have a design to minimize potential negative visual and noise from the non residential activities. Outbuildings should not result in a significant loss of private open space. In the above mentioned development plan policies, the design of the proposed dwelling must conform to the design criteria. As we draft the designs of the dwelling areas, we must bear in mind the design criteria of the West Torrens residential zone policies. In doing so, the land developer, as well as the future dwellers are assured of healthy and problem free environment. The design proposal was made to conform with the development ... The 3 adjacent lots have identical areas of 383.70 sqm. And the 4th lot is 567.5 sqm. Lots 1, has a floor area of 129.76 sqm. While lot 2 has 131.49 sqm and lot 3 has 112.00 sqm. Lot 4 has the biggest floor area of 227.7 sqm. To conform with the West Torrens Council for Residential Zone Policy Area 40, the following are the conditions that will fit in the proposed residential dwellings for the site development plan. There are no significant trees in the area. There is no car parking restrictions in front of the houses because the roads are wide. There is no main streets like highways adjacent to the houses, only local primary and secondary streets. The adjacent houses are 3.00 meters in height. The three adjacent lots are facing the north side and the 4th adjacent lot is facing east. The houses facing north have a set back of 7.00 meters The house that faces the east side have a 5.00 meters set back The 3 adjacent lots are designed in such a way that they would have open spaces where a paved area is present and a soft landscape. Since there are no significant trees around the area, several trees are to be planted to give the area a healthy atmosphere. The front set backs of the 3 adjacent lots are 14 metere and they are bigger than the set back at the rear side. This is to give the would be dwellers to have a soft space for their relaxation and they can have a beautiful front landscaping and that it would be in line with the houses nearby. The paves area would be a future driveway or parking area. The paved area could even be considered a multipurpose area. In order to maintain the character of the house, a single storey dwelling would be perfect for the site character

Collaboration Project Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Collaboration Project - Assignment Example I can still remember our conversations very late at night when we were supposed to be sleeping and our mom coming in to scold us for still being awake. We shared secrets that we swore we would never tell anyone and to this day as far as I know we have kept this promise. As we grew older I graduated from high school and started college while she was still in high school. We still remained close since my school was near to our neighborhood where I could commute. However, both of us became increasingly busy and we found ourselves spending less time communicating and interacting with each other. Before long, I was married and got my firstborn ten months after wedding date. My sister was still unmarried and living the single life going out after work whenever she wished. In retrospect, I think I was a little jealous of her carefree lifestyle because I faced responsibilities of taking care of my family. I quit my job in order to stay home and take care of my baby and my husband whom I love dearly. I would not have had it any other way, but I had a hard time adjusting to being at home every day. At this point in time we only saw each other about once every two to three weeks because although my family visited my mother with whom my sister still lived, she was hardly ever home when we were there. This is how it was for about fourteen years until she met and got married to her husband. She too, had a child within a year. Now that she was married and had a daughter that she stayed home to raise, she wanted us to spend time together but by then I was the one who was busy. I was working part-time and running all over town with my boys driving them to games or picking them up from after school activities. We talked through the phone but I always had to cut the conversation short to do something. My sister could not understand why I could shorten our conversation. According to her, now that she was at home, she could like us to spend time more time together but as for me, I had other more activities to attend. She grew resentful and it reached a point where she accused me of not being welcoming especially to her husband. Her accusation haunted very much and this made me angry and totally changed my attitude towards her. The unveiling events started to strain my relationship with my sister and we kept distance for a couple of years. I commenced this project in order to improve my relationship with my sister and try to restore the closeness we once had. I knew things would not change unless I put forth the effort to reconnect with my sister. I needed to let go of the past and let bygones be bygones. I needed to spend time listening to what she had to say as well as to spend quality time with her and her family. I found it necessary to start expressing myself clearly in order to eliminate and misunderstandings not only with my sister, but others with whom I interact. I also wanted to become less critical and more accepting of other people’s viewpoi nts and opinions. I intended to self-monitor to be certain that I was heading in the right direction toward achieving these goals. The hardest part of this project was getting started by reaching out to my sister. I didn’t want her to know she was part of a research project for grad school and I didn’t want her to become suspicious either. So, I initiated contact by emailing her and including a recipe I thought she might like to try. Goals and objectives Before the end of this collaboration, I had some objectives to

Global Transportation and the Logistics Industry

Global Transportation and the Logistics Industry The Transportation Logistics sector spans a wide range of service offerings such as by air, road, rail, sea as well as related services such as warehousing, handling, and stevedoring. The extent of coverage includes value added services such as packaging, assembling, labelling etc. In addition to these, Transport Logistic providers undertake the management role of planning, administering and coordinating. Over the years, the sector has reshaped in manner where most players have a tendency to consolidate; resulting in larger, integrated groups operating in more than one of the Transport Logistics sub-services/sectors. As a result, the limits between the sub-services/sectors become more and more indistinct. The benefits of globalisation and business process outsourcing of logistics services generated double digit revenue growth in the industry in the early part of the 21st century. However the co-existence of other pressures, threats and limitations such as the economic downturn, and fuel price hike contribute to the dramatic changes faced by contenders in the sector. With privatisation and liberalisation, more complexities were introduced to the sector. In addition, trade routes are changing and networks have become increasingly complex as have the agreements between companies sharing resources. There have been several regulatory requirements which have changed substantially in the recent years. Due to more IT enabled interconnectivity in companies, it operates across national. Hence, issues pertaining to customs, tax compliance, accounting and governance have increased. Companies looking to build a sustainable business need to continuously offer value additions to its stakeholders. Therefore with the changing business models in the industry, many companies are evolving from forwarding and warehouse managing businesses to highly industrialised, IT driven supply chain providers; adopting a holistic approach in their service. Impact of the economic downturn Over the past years, the Transport Logistics industry has been profiting considerably from positive economic conditions and the demand for raw materials, capital and consumer products. Since 2008 though, the trade was suddenly faced with some of the most complex market conditions in history. A tightening global credit crisis and economic downturn that began in the U.S. quickly spread throughout the globe, impacting many organizations in nearly every aspect of the business. Changes in consumer buying patterns have led to less significant transport volumes, and shifts to less expensive delivery modes, with a sizeable impact on the express business. The volatile oil price coupled with a stronger focus on emission reduction has increased pressure on transportation companies, especially airlines, leading to a record in airline insolvencies. In addition, the economic recession places more fundamental challenges on the Transportation Logistics industry: consumer patterns and a general cur b of demand thereby causing a lower level of the flow of goods. Opportunities in the emerging markets For a countrys economy, in addition to the tourism sector, even the transportation sector is often viewed as an important indicator of growth. With the rise in commercial trade activities, the location of manufacturing facilities and distribution centres can have a major impact on the growth of a countrys transportation sector and transportation infrastructure. The relative location of these manufacturing facilities and distribution centres can dictate whether the country becomes a centre within a logistics network or a spoke in the wheel, serving in effect as a transit passage. Such matters are of particular importance to emerging economies where the transport and logistics infrastructure is making rapid development. Logistic providers are faced with clients who wish to source out of low-cost countries or access these new markets. They need to ensure that they can help their clients meet their objectives, understand the emerging markets environment, and expand their competencies and resources. These companies are at a crossroads in their development and have several strategic questions to consider. Should they expand or try new a niche? Should they move into an acquisition? Should they look at a stock-exchange float? Should they invest in IT/new technology? Should they look at optimising their cost base to counteract the trend towards smaller margins? How can they differentiate from competition by convincing customers that they add value to the business? About FedEx Corporation Introduction http://www.csustan.edu/manage/harris/case4.html Federal Express is an express transportation company, founded by Frederick W. Smith in 1973. During his college years, his intuition that the U.S. was becoming a service-oriented economy and needed a reliable, overnight delivery service company designed for dedicated transportation of packages and documents was the cornerstone of the companys existence today. He started Federal Express with over $80 million, making it the largest company of its time ever funded by venture capital. He found investors willing to contribute $40 million, used $8 million in family money, and received the rest from bank financing. Background Federal Express became successful due to the fact that they pioneered in advanced IT interventions ahead of its competition. They built a super-hub in Memphis, Tennessee, where all packages from the United States would be loaded and shipped out each night. Today, Federal Express has over 143,000 workers worldwide, and delivers more than 3 million express packages to 211 countries daily. One major change has affected Federal Express. In January of 1998, Federal Express the company re-launched as FDX Corporation. FDX Corporation now includes Federal Express, Roadway Packaging System (RPS), Viking Freight, Roberts Express, and Caliber Logistics. Even though FDX owns all these companies, Federal Express still remains independent. Federal Express CEO is currently Theodore Weise. FDXs strategy is to corroborate on selling and synergies for all FDX companies, but run operations separately and keep each companys strengths and markets separate. Therefore, some information will be about FDX, but most will be for Federal Express as its own company. FDX Corporate Subsidiaries All business units of FDX follow the corporate mission statement of the parent company. This synergy allows for growth. It also puts the entity in a position to acquire more companies whose operations are similar. Currently, these are the names and descriptions of the companies under FDX, other than Federal Express. 1. RPS: North Americas second-largest provider of ground small-package delivery. It also services 28 European countries and Puerto Rico. 2. Viking Freight: The premier brand name in less-than-truckload freight movements throughout the western United States. 3. Roberts Express: Engineer and execute time-specific, door-to-door surface and air-charter delivery solutions that solve special-handling challenges for FDX customers within North America and Europe. 4. Caliber Logistics: Develops and implements customized logistics solutions that help FDX customers manage costs, improve customer service and focus on their core business activities. In the Sales Breakdown for these FDX companies, Federal Express still accounts for 83 percent of total revenues. The next largest is RPS, bringing in 11 percent of FDXs total revenues. Strategic vision http://apps.shareholder.com/sec/viewerContent.aspx?companyid=FDXdocid=784953 FedEx Corporations vision is a world where goods and information move quickly and seamlessly. A world where businesses source raw materials and parts globally, then move high-value goods quickly between continents and across time zones. A world where global information and transportation networks can shrink time and distance, creating competitive advantages for customers. FedEx has experienced consistent growth in terms of net income in just about every year of its operation, which has meant three decades of growth. One of the companys greatest strengths is undoubtedly its business concept. No matter what the economy is doing, there will always be a need for package delivery of some sort by companies and individuals involved in nearly every industry. Even when times are tough and companies are seeking to save money, FedEx has less expensive delivery alternatives from which to choose. Of course, being the originator of the express delivery concept is also a key strength. FedEx became a household name before any of its competitors ever arrived on the scene, and thus has become synonymous with the idea of express package delivery in the minds of many, if not most, consumers. Visionary leadership (introduction to founder CEO) Fred Smith recognized the need for a reliable, overnight delivery service. Smith presented the idea in a Yale term paper in the 1960s, and received a C grade for his efforts. Between 1969 and 1971 Smith, however, secured $90 million ($40 million from investors, $8 million from his family, and $42 million in bank financing) to launch Federal Express as the then largest startup funded by venture capital. Federal Express began offering overnight and second-day delivery to 22 American cities in 1973. Today, The FedEx Express unit is one of the five subsidiary organizations that comprise Federal Express. The FedEx Express unit is the primary focus of this study. FedEx Express is the global market leader in express transportation. The firm moves an average of three million packages daily. FedEx Ground is a subsidiary of FedEx Express. FedEx Ground provides ground delivery of packages in North America. FedEx Freight is a less-than-truckload carrier. FedEx Freight operates throughout the United States. FedEx Freight has two operating subsidiaries à ¹ FedEx Freight East and FedEx Freight West. Access is what makes all forms of interaction and exchange possible between people, businesses and nations. Increases in Access boost opportunities and empower people with the ability and confidence to improve their current conditions and future prospects. Mission Statement The Mission Statement of FDX is to produce superior financial returns for stockholders, by providing high value-added logistics, transportation and related information services through focused operating companies. This mission statement shows that FDX has a clear focus. (1) The main focus is to bring returns to stockholders. (2) They will emphasize adding value above and beyond just their service of transporting an object from one place to another. (3) Their focus of operations will be logistics, transportation, and related information. This mission statement is focused enough to keep FDX from diversifying into for example, food products; yet vague enough to allow growth in all of those areas. Philosophy FDX and Federal Express, in particular hold a People-Service-Profit philosophy. The ‘People goal is the continuous improvement of managements leadership. The ‘Service standard is 100 percent customer satisfaction. The ‘Profit goal is much like any other companys goal, and is essential to long-term viability. This philosophy governs how FDX runs its business, and defines strategies. Customers Markets, Globalization and Services The scope of the Federal Express operation covers business-to-business, business-to-individual and individual-to-individual accounts. Federal Express markets include more than 200 countries where 90 percent of all the worlds revenues originate. Federal Express provides both document and freight deliveries as well as supporting services. Stemming from the visionary leadership of the CEO, the company follows market reach global footprint and a business strategy. Competitors Federal Express list of competitors include: United Parcel Service (UPS), Airborne Express, Emery Worldwide, BAX Global, DHL Worldwide, and United States Postal Service. Federal Express holds 46.5 percent, the largest portion, with UPS and Airborne Express as the largest competitors. As shown from the preceding information, Federal Express is clearly a large, strong, and growing express transportation company. Environment screening analysis This section will show the services Federal Express provides; its strengths and weaknesses as an organization; the opportunities and threats, current problems and issues faced. Services Federal Express provides delivery on documents and packages both domestically and internationally. Further, the company also provides supporting services. In the United States, Internationally Supporting Services Priority Overnight Priority interNet Ship Standard Overnight Economy Collect on Delivery Same Day Next Flight Location Service First Overnight First Dangerous Goods Service Express Freight Priority Freight Worldwide Logistics Weekend Shipping Economy Freight U.S. Government Shippers Alaska and Hawaii Airport to Airport International Government Guide S.W.O.T. Analysis Company Strengths and Resource Capabilities: Globalisation: Federal Express largely operates on a global scale. They operate in 211 countries. They provide services that appeal to most of the world. They have such a large market in which to operate which generates tremendous revenue for the business. Benefits of global economies of scale become available to players that operate in such a large playing field. Innovation: Federal Express took the first-mover advantage by identifying airplanes and trucks as a source and resource to gain business advantage. This helped them to remain the industry leader since 1973. Technology and Communication: Federal Express uses and continues to search for new technology. They allow spending of $1billion a year, 10% of total revenues on IT interventions such as integration. The companys commitment to introducing new customer centric service models through IT keeps customers from switching to other providers. Federal Express also has excellent communication with their customers. They use tracking devices on all shipments and customers can trace their shipment through many different avenues including a user-friendly Web site. Federal Express customers can feel assured that FedEx will always be on top of technology. Strategic Vision: Company CEO Frederick Smith built an industry leader, and sustained the title since 1973. The strategic vision of the company is cascaded through top managers who are in charge of the strategic direction of the business. First-Mover Advantage: The company has had first-mover advantage in several areas: (1) Being a global express transportation logistics company (2) Advanced IT interventions that attributed to the continued success of the company (3) Incorporating smaller business units with similar operations under its belt to synergize and control more of the market. Consolidating its resource capabilities at an optimized level has attributed greatly to its success. Strong Brand Image: In 1990, Federal Express became the first organization awarded the Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award in the service category. Further, in 1994, the company was the first in global express transportation to obtain simultaneous system-wide ISO 9001 certification in international quality standards. Federal Express has also developed its own quality system that matches their customers standards. Company Weaknesses and Resource Deficiencies: Escalating prices: Federal Express prices are priced above its competitors. This can be a weakness if their customers do not perceive a difference between Federal Express and its competitors services. Labour Disputes with Pilots: Federal Express pilots have formed the FedEx Pilots Association. This organization demanded changes in the pilots salaries, retirement benefits, and suggested outsourcing some foreign flights instead of giving their own pilots the job. The pilots have a Web site where news is posted and any grievances are communicated. During the busy Christmas season in 1998, the pilots threatened to strike. Federal Express and the FedEx Pilots Association have developed a tentative agreement, which is published on the pilots Web site. However, the pilots do not believe this agreement fully meets their expectations. The pilot dispute is definitely an internal weakness for Federal Express, considering they have 3,500 pilots employed with them. The business operations would suffer if there were strikes. When UPS employees went on strike in 1997, Federal Express took the extra 800,000 shipments a day. If Federal Express employees went on strike, their competitors could gain an immediate advantage. The reason for running subsidiaries separately: FDX has deliberately chosen to keep its subsidiaries separate. According to FDXs 1998 Annual Report, CEO Frederick Smith states, Simply layering the unique resource and operating requirements of a time-definite, global, express-delivery network onto a day-definite, ground small-package network would surely result in diminished service quality and increased costs. Under the FDX umbrella, we will leverage our shared strengths while operating each delivery network independently, with each focused on its respective markets. Frederick Smith is confident this will be a strength, instead of a weakness. Company Opportunities: Expansion Globally: Federal Express can continue to expand its global footprint. Expansion Internally: Federal Express can continue to acquire more similar smaller business which could offer Federal Express leverage to expand into new technologies or areas in their industry. Run Subsidiaries Together: If FDX doesnt profit from running the subsidiaries separately, they can change to integrating their operations to achieve better synergies and economies of scale. Contracts with Large Corporations: To stay the industry leader, Federal Express should form contracts with companies who will add cost-saving or value-adding benefits to their services. Joint-Ventures: Federal Express can form joint ventures, such as already with Netscape and American Express, to enjoy the growth of integrating their customer bases. Expansion of e-commerce: Federal Express already has a major presence of shipping online. They should keep finding Internet companies to contract delivery of their products. Since the growth of e-commerce is rapid now, Federal Express could enjoy both profits and brand name recognition from this kind of expansion. Company Threats: Y2K Problem: If Federal Express communication and tracking systems arent actually Year 2000 ready, they will experience lost shipments, lost customers, and lost profits. This is a threat for every business, but a global company will be affected on a larger scale. Community Responsibility in the U.S.: Federal Express might be subject to community disapproval in expansion within the United States. Right now, Federal Express has plans to build a second super-hub in Greensboro, NC. The airport is supportive, but the citizens of the community are not. Federal Express has to decide whether the community support or building the centre is more important. Relations with Foreign Countries: Through Federal Express expansions globally, they are subject to laws and regulations of all foreign countries. There could be major problems in this area, stunting growth and raising costs. Already, Great Britain will not let Federal Express fly their own planes for shipments. Federal Express must either load their cargo on to British planes, or use ground transportation. This is very inefficient for Federal Express; however, it keeps competition out for British Air Transportation companies. Everywhere Federal Express goes, they are at risk for regulations that hinder their operations or efficiency. Economic and Political Conditions: Federal Express is subject to the entire worlds economic and political condition in the areas of fuel prices and supply, customer purchase of their services, and relations with foreign countries. As a global company, they are subject to much more risk than domestic companies. Current Problems and Issues Federal Express has several current issues and problems. Decisions about these issues will affect Federal Express profits and brand name in the future. Federal Express Pilots disputes with the company over their salary and compensation, retirement benefits, and Federal Express outsourcing some foreign flights. Federal Express spends only 13.17 percent of total operating expenses on their labor expense. The industry average is 14.81 percent. However, Federal Express main competitors spend 20 and 24 percent of total operating expenses on labor. This is why the pilots are voicing their disagreements, and demanding change. Fuel Price Fluctuation: Federal Express raised their prices and developed contracts with oil suppliers to cover fluctuating fuel costs and volatility of supply. Creation of super-hub in North Carolina: Federal Express does not have the communitys support. Alliance with Netscape: FDX created an alliance with Netscape in order to simplify the world of electronic commerce. FDX will offer delivery services on Netscapes Internet portal site. This will allow both companies to achieve mutual business targets that could not be achieved otherwise. Alliance with American Express: Federal Express offers a 10 to 20 percent discount on many delivery services to customers using an American Express Small Business Corporate Card. Federal Express offers many different services spanning the globe; this is why Federal Express has many strengths, and opportunities. However, Federal Express must also be concerned with their weaknesses and current problems. Industry Analysis Dominant Economic Characteristics Federal Express is in the Air Freight or Air Cargo Transportation Industry. This industry had sales of $34.2 billion in 1998. This industry is in the early maturity life cycle because entry is difficult, yet current competitors are still growing. Companies can realize economies of scale in this industry in marketing and purchasing. Services in this industry are essentially identical, with the exception being the value-added services. General Economic Conditions The current global economic crisis can affect this industry by stunting foreign expansion and reduced utilization of express shipping services. The current crisis in Kosovo may affect business for these companies if any countries they do business in feel the United States is wrong and want to boycott American-originating products and services. Porters 5-Forces Model Rivalry Among Competing Sellers: This is a strong force in this industry because the competitors use price cuts to compete, there is a low cost and ease to switching brands, and the companies in this industry diversify and acquire other companies for strategic growth and synergy. Competitive Force of Potential Entry: This is a weak force in this industry. Each company currently in the industry has strong brand images, leaving a harder job for new companies. The capital expenditures to start an express transportation company are large, and the companies currently are achieving economies of scale by going global. Any smaller company will not be able to achieve these right away, not allowing them to compete on prices. Another factor threatening potential entrants is trade tariffs and international regulations. Most companies currently in the industry have already established relations with foreign countries. New companies will have to prove themselves to foreign companies, suppliers, and customers. Competitive Pressures of Substitute Products: This is a weak to moderate force in this industry. Businesses and individuals that wish to ship cargo and packages can do it with other modes of transportation such as trucks, trains and boats. However, the customers that use air freight transportation usually desire convenience, speed, and low cost. Traditional transportation modes do not offer all three of these. Businesses and Individuals who want to ship documents can use e-mail, the Internet, and Facsimiles. However, these can take some time to scan and load, and then it is uncertain that your document will get to its destination. Power of Suppliers This is a strong force if the suppliers serve industries other than Air Freight. If a supplier only has accounts, or the majority of their accounts with these companies, they will not be able to control prices and supplies. Suppliers that are involved in this industry are: vehicle manufacturers, airplane manufacturers, fuel suppliers, labor, airports, and shipping materials manufacturers. Power of Buyers This is a moderate force in this industry because competition keeps prices similar among the companies. The only difference is companies, such as Federal Express who have value-added services that allow a higher price. Also, the buyers of the services in this industry are reactionary. They do not know the technology before it happens. They become dependent on the technology, service and speed offered by the companies in this industry and will pay for it. Industry Prospects and Overall Attractiveness A trend among Air Freight shippers is to use the Internet for communication with customers and even obtaining shipping contracts with companies selling on the Internet. This alliance with the fastest-growing industry will bring exponential growth to the Air Freight industry, above and beyond what they would normally have realized without this. This industry should remain attractive, with concentration on competition for market share, service differentiation, and brand image. Current Advertising has been aimed at being better than the competitor for different reasons. Performance Analysis FDX has an impressive performance record for example in 1998 they had revenues of $15.9 billion. We can also look at their Net Income for 1998, as well as for the last five years. This information is shown in 4 on Page 3 of the Appendix. As you can see, sales have been growing steadily for the past five years. Looking at the net income, though, it isnt that impressive. It even declined in 1997, from the rising fuel costs during that year. However, in 1998 it grew from $200,000 to $500,000. That could be from reduction in operating costs, or from the acquisition of the subsidiaries which had lower operating costs compared to Federal Express. The financial ratios for FDX compared to Airborne Express (ABF) are in Table 2 on Page 3 of the Appendix. Most of the ratios show Airborne Express in better financial condition than FDX. However, this can be explained through FDXs size as compared to Airborne Express. Airborne Express does not offer as many services or types of shipments as FDX, and it only has half the market share as FDX. Since UPS does not have air shipments, we could not benchmark FDX to them. Clearly though, FDX and Federal Express is the market leader in this industry, have outstanding sales, a healthy profit, and a safe amount of debt. A 5-Year analysis of Federal Express profitability and activity ratios is in s 5 and 6 on page 4 of the Appendix. These ratios over time show a steady increase, except for year 1997, where fuel costs hurt Federal Express deeply.TNT N.V. is an international express and mail delivery services company with headquarters in Hoofddorp, the Netherlands. In the Netherlands, TNT operates the national postal service under the name TNT Post. The group also offers postal services in eight other European countries, including the UK, Federal Express Five-Point Strategy Federal Express has five strategies that govern business tactics. These are to improve service levels, lower unit costs, establish international leadership and sustain profitability, get closer to the customer, and maintain the People-Service-Profit Philosophy. Major Strategic Issues FDX is focused on three primary growth strategies. A collaborative sales process that leverages their shared customer relationships, aggressive global marketing of the broad FDX portfolio to targeted prospective customers, and a strategic application of information systems to reduce costs and improve customer access and connectivity. Introduction to the business strategy Expanding Access Through Our Networks While the benefits and mechanisms of Access are too vast and complex to attribute to any one creator, FedEx is proud to have been the driving force behind many milestones and advances, beginning with overnight express delivery in 1973 from our hub in Memphis. At first connecting 25 U.S. cities — and today, 220 countries — express delivery was a historic breakthrough in Access, collapsing the time and distance between places and connecting people everywhere. Through our expanding networks, anyone shipping a package can now tap into unprecedented speed and worldwide reach. Shaping the Way the World Connects FedEx delivers systems and solutions, not just packages. In recent years, weve increased Access by moving information in the form of bits as close to its destination as possible before converting it into atoms. For example, when one customer planned to host a leadership seminar in New Delhi, FedEx Kinkos transferred tons of materials digitally to China, printed them in one day, and shipped them to India the next. With FedEx Office Print Online capability, any individual can do the same — printing documents remotely and having them delivered locally. Its one major new way FedEx is contributing to greater Access. Today, thanks in part to the Access provided by the internet and FedEx, its possible for a leading electronics company to synchronize its microchip factories in China to the pulse of global demand, flying the finished chips as needed to manufacturing lines in Shanghai, Seoul or Singapore. The chips are bound for laptops and phones that create personal connections in their own right, while the corresponding transformation of China into the worlds factory is expected to lift half a billion people out of poverty by 2020. New FedEx hubs in Guangzhou and Hangzhou will increase the global Access of homegrown Chinese companies and contribute to greater quality of life, while helping companies outside this market to navigate and grow their business here. Changing Whats Possible For 35 years, FedEx has been dedicated to changing whats possible and improving life for people everywhere by promoting greater Access. Every day around the world, we see first-hand how Access empowers people to improve their lives, their businesses and their communities. Because we see this power, we have a unique perspective on Access. Infrastructure/supply chain value chain FedEx has done several things with its value chain to develop new business. First they have always recognized the need to have technology and IT work to communicate the logistics that they run. They have developed internet technologies that work simply and efficiently to enable customers and sellers to use FedEx as a go between. This has enabled many companies to integrate FedEx technology into their own web sites for customers to use. However, up until January 19, 2000 the organization of Fe