Within the Context of Germany 1789 †1890 How Important a...

On 23 September 1862, Otto Eduard Leopold von Bismarck was appointed Minister-President and Foreign Minister of Prussia . Within nine years a new German nation state was created by the unification of the numerous independent German-speaking states in central Europe. The creation of Germany as a cohesive political and integrated country occurred on 18 January 1871 at the palace of Versailles in France. Following the military defeat of France by Prussia in the Franco/Prussian war, (July 1870 to January 1871), the leaders of the existing Germanic states attended a ceremony there to proclaim Wilhelm I of Prussia as Emperor Wilhelm of the German Empire . Otto von Bismarck is widely recognized as the statesman who engineered the unification†¦show more content†¦Hienrich Heien stated that the defiance to Napoleon displayed by ordinary Germans was based upon a duty of obedience to the ruling aristocracy . Walley comments that this fails to recognise the strength of anti French feelings at the time . Both these points are valid, however an undercurrent of German nationalistic feeling did start to flow following the Congress of Vienna in the same year that Bismarck was born. It is reasonable to assume that this developing Germanic nationalism would have had an effect on Bismarck as he grew from boy to man. If so it may be argued that his role in the unifying of Germany was that of a director, moulding the concept of a new country already forming in the minds of the people, into a formidable independent nation state. In 1818 an economic customs union (Zollverein) was founded within Prussian territories which facilitated a sin gle system of tariffs for the movement of goods around Prussia. By 1834 it included nearly all German speaking states except Austria . This economic exclusion of Austria fueled the Austro-Prussian rivalry for dominance in German affairs. By 1868 the Zollverein was Prussian dominated and had produced economic agreements with non-German states like Sweden and Luxembourg as well. The real political and economic beneficiary of the Zollverein was Prussia. EconomicShow MoreRelatedOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pagescenturies are almost invariably years of little significance. But there is little agreement over when the twentieth century c.e. arrived, and there were several points both before the year 2000 (the collapse of the Soviet Union, the reunification of Germany, the surge of globalization from the mid-1990s) and afterward (9/11, or the global recession of 2008) when one could quite plausibly argue that a new era had begun. A compelling case can be made for viewing the decades of the global scramble for

Archaeology in the News Free Essay Example, 1000 words

Having examined the information about the site at Sedgeford, there are a number of different methods that I think would benefit the site. Firstly, a period of fieldwalking may be useful to identify different features and find small artifacts which may aid the investigation. This method is good for sites spread over a large area, such as Sedgeford, and may help the volunteers define the edges of the potential Anglo Saxon settlement which was suggested by the BBC News article (Roskams, 2001). Additionally, fieldwalking may bring up new surprises about the site. The website for the dig also mentions that geophysics has been done to identify prominent features. However, it gives the boundaries of the area and these look rather small it may be beneficial to do geophysics over a larger area to find more potential spots for finds and features. Additionally, geophysics might give some more insight into how the clay oven fits into the wider scenario of the potential settlement and whereabou ts in the town that it was. Another method that may be of use to this site is flotation. We will write a custom essay sample on Archaeology in the News or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/page Overall, there are many different directions in which the site can go to find out more about the Anglo-Saxon roots of the area and using a variety of archaeological methods could help improve the finds.

One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest Review Free Essays

a) Charismatic Leader: McMurphy shows characteristics of a charismatic leader in various ways. McMurphy is transferred to a mental institution for evaluation after he had been convicted of statutory rape. When McMurphy gets to the institution, he feels as the institution is very supressed and has a strict regimen that everyone is expected to follow. We will write a custom essay sample on One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest: Review or any similar topic only for you Order Now Unpleasant medical treatments are used to supress the patients. When McMurphy sees this, he realizes that the environment needs to be lightened up and the patients should be treated like real people. He becomes a leader to several patients at the institution teaching them how to have fun and enjoy themselves in an environment that doesn’t allow them to do so. McMurphy convinces his friends to enjoy themselves by playing cards, breaking out of their shell, and watch baseball games. The patients follow his footsteps and hope to be like him as he displays such charisma that people want to conform and have the confidence he has. This example is evident when the patients are sent up for shock therapy which many patients are afraid of. McMurphy goes up for the treatment and comes back down assuring the patients that the therapy has only charged him up for the next women he will be with. McMurphy also challenges Mildred to change the ward policy which furiates her as no other patient has ever had the courage to. b) Alienation/Outsiders: The patients within the mental institution are alienated from the outside world. They are considered the people who are looking from the outside in. The Institutions head Nurse Mildred treats the patients in a harsh manner, not as If they were people. These people haven’t experienced life to their fullest due to where they are but they still want to enjoy their life. When they look outside they realize the world has much to offer but they are alienated by being contained within the facility. They are also not allowed many visitors which is essentially alienating them from the outside world. c) Rebellion against social norms: When McMurphy realizes what he has gotten himself into as well as seeing his fellow patients he decides to rebel the social norms within the facility. The patients begin to drink, lay cards and bet cigarettes which Nurse Mildred gets furious, evident when she confiscates the cigarettes and rations them out. McMurphy also steals the hospital bus and gathers his friends to pick up a party girl. The group also parties one night sneaking in two female visitors with alcohol and enjoy the night away even though McMurphy has a plan of escaping which fails as he is drunk and fatigued. One of the patients even loses his virginity within the facility which is frowned upon. The rebellious attitude gets the patients into a lot of trouble especially McMurphy as the patients were â€Å"well-behaved† but now are not. ) Changing Group Dynamics: Before McMurphy arrived, the group of patients who were previously present were very â€Å"well-behaved† as Nurse Mildred would say. They followed rules and strict regimen that was provided without questioning anything. They took any punishment and also agreed to unusual medical treatments that were said to help the patients even though they were just a method to suppress them. The patients were very unhappy but just followed the orders that were given as no one had the courage to stand-up. When McMurphy came along, with his Charismatic and daring personality, the patients wanted to conform and be more like him so that they could live their life to the fullest while being contained within a facility. The patients forgot what life was like outside the facility but when McMurphy came along he proved that life could be lived the way you wanted to no matter where you are. e) Authority’s response to rebellion: Nurse Mildred tried to contain the rebellious behaviour by increasing the unusual treatment like shock and hydro therapy. She confiscates cigarettes and does not allow freedom to the patients. When patient Billy is found with a girl in a room within the facility she threatens to tell his mother, using the method of embarrassing the patient so he will regret what he has done and straighten up and refuse to rebel but unfortunately Billy takes his own life. She tightens her grip on the group and has â€Å"humiliation sessions† which furiates many patients but they don’t defend themselves. After a thorough examination of various facilities, I have come to the onclusion that many of these facilities treat their patients in a harsh manner which is completely unnecessary as it may stall the improvement of their current mental state. Mental institutions are meant to aid patients positively and help them become better physically and mentally. As an advocate to reform mental institutions, I propose changing various methods of treatments used on patients as well as the atmosphere they are treated in, to help the patient becoming better rather than worse. The first change I propose is changing the decor of the building. Patients come to the institution to get better. It is proven that visuals and colours affect moods. By changing decor and colours we can make the institution visually seem like a positive atmosphere rather than a dingy one. The second change I would propose is the change in attitude amongst the workers. In the film the staff was shown as a strict, very harsh group. The attitude greatly affects the people you work with and how they respond to you. In the movie the patients were very fearful and quiet due to the intense rules and regulations. As a staff it would be appropriate to make patients to feel at home as they might be staying at the institution for a while. Exuding positive behaviour will change the atmosphere itself. Patients with mental health issues need the positivity around them to get better as well as feel comfortable with being themselves. The third idea I would like to propose is that staff is not allowed to conduct unnecessary treatments to supress the patients just so they will behave. This stalls the improvement in health and just causes fear amongst patients. As said before mental institutions are supposed to aid patients not make them worse. And absolutely NO LOBOTOMY! This is a very serious matter and it will not be tolerated. If a patient is to show rowdy behaviour, he shall be placed in a room alone to think about his actions and if unable to do so they will be given medication so they do not pose a threat to anyone else within the facility. The fourth idea I would like to propose is that, the patients should be allowed visitations and also be allowed to go out. Staying in one place can cause a person to become depressed and feel lonely. This can also provoke thoughts of escaping as seen within the movie. Exploring the outside world and enjoying the world as a human being will allow the patient to feel that they are not contained but are very much like normal human beings. The Last idea I would like to propose is allow â€Å"free days†. Free days allow patients to enjoy themselves such as smoke, drink and party within the facility. A designated room with supervision would allow the patients to enjoy themselves with food, music, drinks. Having these ideas would help the facility work smoothly as possible, with barely any acts of rebelling and any serious issues. The movie could act as an agent of social change and reform as the movie excellently portrays what can happen when patients are in a supressed environment. Patients are people and they have all the rights that people outside the institution do. By watching this movie people can see how such repression can cause patients to act out and this can be used as a precautionary device to see what can be changed in mental health institutions to make them better. Mental institutions can make note on the staff and how facility works and instead of using it as a guide, they can make the institution better. Nurse Mildred and her staff are very strict which doesn’t help the patients if they reformed to a kinder, gentler approach to patients with a positive attitude will help their institution for the best. Personally I enjoyed watching the movie as it displayed the hard truth about some institutions and it made it evident that the institution that was portrayed is in fact a very much part of reality. Many institutions during that period of time or even today may be like that which is very sad. Personally I love Jack Nicholson and his portrayal of the character of McMurphy was very convincing. Nicholson, a charming persona on his own, made the character McMurphy very lovable and understanding even though the crime he was convicted of in the beginning may beg to differ. The charisma Nicholson displayed made it evident why he was chosen to play McMurphy. I felt as he was a very relatable character as a charismatic leader. The portrayal of Nurse Mildred Ratched was also very good. The intense, raw persona portrayed by Louise Fletcher made her seem like in reality she was indeed the same person as Mildred. The intensity between McMurphy and Ratched was totally believable. As for the story, I felt like it was very touching. An individual trying to help others realize their own potential and enjoy themselves within a contained environment with mishaps along the way just depicts the reality of life and friendship. McMurphy realized and felt the fear amongst his colleagues and decided it was time for change. With his rebellious ideas, attitudes and actions he captivates the hearts of his friends and viewers making them want to be more like him; outgoing and courageous. Although the ending is very sad resulting in the death of McMurphy after having a lobotomy, he leaves his legacy, showing the other patients that there is not point of being afraid, life is too short so you must enjoy it to the fullest not matter where you are. I felt like many characters could have been more evident in the movie such as Martini, portrayed by Danny DeVito, an amazing actor who shouldn’t have been limited to his talents. I felt as if most characters were not memorable such as Martini, which is sad as I love Danny DeVito. The Characters beside McMurphy that were evident were Billy and Chief. Chief was only evident because he was a fairly larger man then the rest of the group and also of different ethnicity. He was also the one who put McMurphy out of his misery after McMurphy had received a lobotomy. Billy only became evident to me personally, after he had sex with Candy and he killed himself. Other than that I had not paid much attention to his character. In the film’s defense I would say yes that the attention was mainly on McMurphy, but I was hoping for more from the secondary characters seeing how each one as an individual conformed rather than as a whole group. How to cite One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest: Review, Papers

Impacts on Reportage of War-Free-Samples- Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Social Media Impacts on reportage of war and Conflict within the Syrian Civil War. Answer: Introduction Social media along with scientific advancement has reduced the distance between man and world. One click takes the people to the events that take place in the world. The modern versions of social media possess various and wide ranging connotations, which adds positivity in its usage (Couldry 2012). Viewing this utilization from the Syrian war coverage broadens the scope and arena of this report. The courageous attitude of the journalists in portraying the incident, preserving its actuality adds positivity in their roles and responsibilities. This point attains an important position in the report. Media Power Media is a very strong medium of connecting people with one another (Tumber 2013). The contents aired adversely affect the perception of the people. For example, displaying the stunts without the warning can be disastrous as the children possess the tendency to imitate them. This aggravates the risk factors. Sometimes, the news is influenced by the political parties and people with strong economical powers, which deprive the common people from knowing the events that are taking place in their surroundings. Herein lays the symbolic significance of the word influence, the main part of the article entitled, Media Power and Influence. Delving deep into the word power, it projects the authority of the media personnel in terms of satisfying the needs, demands and requirements of the customers (Chalkley et al. 2012). In terms of their functionality, both power and influence are interlinked with each other. Proper utilization of the gained power assists the media personnel in influencing the visual intake of the customers by producing contents that are informative and devoid of any vulgar or obscene matters. With the advancement of civilization and scientific advancement, modern touch was added to the life of the public domain. Humans dominated the whole world through the means of social media. The relation between Mr X and the events of the world is a typical example of the relationship between man and the social media. The impact created by social media has made it a part of their daily life. Without the social media, the world would collapse (Perse and Lambe 2016). In terms of the article, it can be considered as the ritual of the people to surf the social media for browsing the news headlines, collecting information for presentation, projects and others. One wrong step in projecting the news in a proper way makes the individuals delve deep into the subject matter of the news. Example lies in Mr Xs thoughts regarding the incorrect governmental approach to the scandal of policy bungles (Chalkley et al. 2012). The subtitle of the introductory section of the article, a fractured window on reality bears resemblance with the functionalities of media in real sense. The phrase fractured relates to the discrepancies in the sources of media in terms of the contents that are produced. Window can be considered as the exposure of the public domain to the enlightenment in the form of correct media and contents. Adherence and compliance to the legislations and ethics qualifies the media personnel as capable of constructing a real world through the creation of a firm identity (McCombs 2014). The major drive behind this creation is alteration in the visual perception, imagination and rationality of the individuals. This radical transformation has opened a new horizon in front of the civilization and turned the entire world into a mere global village (Hudson 2013). Impact of unethical and improper information on the customers attains an important position in this part of the paper. Upon reading such news or content, panic is one of the most common expressions. This panic can be considered as the effect of the cause, which is, reading shocking or confusing contents and news. This reaction can be correlated with the hypodermic syringe or needle, which the media injects into the minds of the people. However, in view of the present versions of peoples maturity, the concept of hypodermic syringe model gets obliterated. Now, people apply rational thinking towards the news and contents, which nullifies the essence of the expression, panic. This application gratifies their individuality through the means of an escape to the unknown realms of entertainment (Lukin 2013). Here, in this domain, the individuals come to terms with their comfort zone as they can relate the contents with the personal events and experiences. One of the other important aspects of this segment is the effect of social media on children. In the budding stage, if the children are provided with tablets, smart phones, they are bound to encounter complicacies in their development (Herman and Chomsky 2006). Here, the media personnel need to take extra care of the programs and contents that they produce. They can introduce a separate childrens segment, where informative contents can be displayed through a play way method. This would serve the purpose of entertainment as well as education. Sexual, vulgar, violence and obscene contents should not be inserted into the programs for the children (Huesmann and Eron 2013). This would adversely affect their developmental process. There is a benchmark to which the media personnel can exert their influence on the customers. In-depth discussion of the application of power by the media personnel in the following section, takes the report to the roots and dynamism of media. Propaganda is very important in determining the media power because through this model, people can be made aware about the inequality of power and wealth in the society, the impact it creates in shaping up the functioning areas of the mass media choices and effects (McCombs 2014). Adherence to the propaganda enables the media personnel to expose the public domain to authentic and quality contents. The dynamism of media is in itself a vast concept, to which the common people are unfamiliar with. This generates obscurity within the minds of the people regarding being deprived with the internal functions of the media agencies. Taking into consideration the propaganda model helps the advertising agencies to keep a track of the cash and the content that flows out from the internal environment to the external. Moreover, this model possesses enough flexibility to alter the focus of the business from mere generating income by gaming with the needs, demands and requirements of the customers t o executing market research for gifting the people with quality and helpful contents (Sacco and Bossio 2015). The initial stage is the formation of ownership by the advertising agencies. In this stage, the main aim was to develop an integrated framework for efficient execution of the business activities. Typical examples are formation of efficient and skilled team members, conducting market research for producing contents that satisfies the requirements of the customers among others. The second stage includes obtaining the license and approval from the higher authorities to start the business (Herman and Chomsky 2006). This stage safeguards the advertising agencies from the emergencies such as the cyber crimes among others. Herein lays the appropriateness of copyrights, which authenticates and validates the contents produced. Outsourcing the contents makes the personnel aware of the customer responses, which enhances the clarity regarding the changes that needs to be adopted for fulfilling the needs, demands and requirements of the customers. Review This review of the literature tends to focus on the different aspects and the contributions the social media had made on the civil war in Syria. This event had gained huge responses all over the world. Critical reflection of the issue, war and social media seems a little unusual. Moreover, the actual presentation and the perceptions of the people regarding the wars, such as Syrian war alters the significance of the issue, which can be considered as a shameful incident for the nation (Gerbaudo 2012). The contribution of social media in exposing the actual condition was immense. The coverage that the social media and internet provided to know the conditions of Syria in the civil war was indeed essential (Couldry 2012). The background of this civil war began in the year when the activism transferred to the Arabian world from African countries like Tunisia and Egypt (Sharara and Kanj 2014). The activists raised their protests against the regime of the country Bashar al-Assad. All these protests began by using the social media when they posted the videos of the outbreaks on YouTube by adding slogans like the people want to overthrow the regime and they also posted about their protests on Twitter by hash tag #mar15 (Godin et al. 2013). In this kind of online protests, no journalists were present but the activists had generated the protests strongly by providing online contents. The major drive behind this was the lack of adequate skills and knowledge, for which they had to depend on t he social media for reporting the actual incidents to the people. This situation deviates from the usual functionalities of the journalists. On the contrary, accuracy in the knowledge of the events was pivotal in making these protests to reach the ears of the common men. People were trying to move towards the International Invention in Libya (Jahn 2016). The regime began to suppress every small protest they could assume because they were afraid that they would not be able to tackle it if this protest grew larger. The protests began to grow further when the young people were getting arrested. Most of the journalists were not able to tolerate such kind of strict suppression and they were either being killed or disappeared. Most of the television channels had to depend on the citizen journalists and their YouTube videos (Brodersen, Scellato and Wattenhofer 2012). It was sure to present a situation where people believed that through these YouTube videos and reports collected by the citi zen journalists would expose the masks of the regime. The lives of the foreign journalists were in great danger so the citizen journalists had to take up the charge in discovering and flashing the ground truths that would help to reach the news to the outside world. The 1982 massacre of Hama by Bashar al-Assads father exposed the journalists to an unknown fact. Unfamiliarity regarding the slaughter did not spare even the common people. In this situation, social media exposed the reality to the people. The condition became such that the regime grew to be more powerful and people were killed brutally. The widespread presence of the social media made the incident viral in countries like Turkey, England, Lebanon and others. The collection of those brutal videos witnessed continuity by the functions of Local Coordinating Committees (LCC) (Landis 2012). The famous Facebook groups and the websites, like the Sham News Network had began to send these videos to the broader world, thus making the world aware of it. The citizen journalists had played a brilliant and courageous role in excavating the real scenario and transmitting it correctly to the outside world. The regime of Bashar prevented the foreign journalists from penetrating into the scenario, whi ch blamed the citizen journalists (Ali and Fahmy 2013). They narrated the actual condition blaming the harsh attitude of the police towards collapsing the peaceful protests. The videos that were supplied by the online activists, proved to be extremely useful in the political and military struggles. The brutal and cruel deaths and destructions that took place in Homs were documented by social media and spread all over the world. Biasness within the documentation of the social media coverage restricted the journalists from voicing out their individual opinions. This situation nullified the financial assistance from the Sunni Muslims of Saudi Arabia.. Separation from the Sunni Muslims added hostility among the journalists. Typical example of this is the video expressing the hatred of Syrian residents against Alawites (Klausen 2015). The regional telecast of this video is an inspiration for the journalists in terms of enduring the challenging tasks of airing such protests on TV, radio and social media. Undertaking such challenging tasks adds positivity in the role of the advertising agencies. This positivity bridges the gap between the actual incident and the perceptual thinking of the people. Conclusion This paper can be concluded in the way by saying that media played a very important role in shaping up the revolutionary condition in Syria. The regime had controlled the country within their grip for a long time and they exercised everything within their power to dismantle the peace within the country. The citizen journalists and the online activists had played a vital role with the help of the social media to bring the inhuman slaughtering of people in front of the world. Though these reports can be criticized because of containing biasness, it cannot be denied either that the bravery of the citizen journalists has to be appreciated. References Ali, S.R. and Fahmy, S., 2013. Gatekeeping and citizen journalism: The use of social media during the recent uprisings in Iran, Egypt, and Libya.Media, War Conflict,6(1), pp.55-69. Brodersen, A., Scellato, S. and Wattenhofer, M., 2012, April. Youtube around the world: geographic popularity of videos. InProceedings of the 21st international conference on World Wide Web(pp. 241-250). ACM. Chalkley, T., Brown, A., Cinque, T., Warren, B., Hobbs, M. and Finn, M., 2012.Communication, new media and everyday life. Oxford University Press. Couldry, N., 2012.Media, society, world: Social theory and digital media practice. Polity. Gerbaudo, P., 2012.Tweets and the streets: Social media and contemporary activism. Pluto Press. Godin, F., Slavkovikj, V., De Neve, W., Schrauwen, B. and Van de Walle, R., 2013, May. Using topic models for twitter hashtag recommendation. InProceedings of the 22nd International Conference on World Wide Web(pp. 593-596). ACM. Herman, E. and Chomsky, N., 2006. A propaganda model.Media and Cultural Studies, p.257. Hudson, H.E., 2013.From rural village to global village: Telecommunications for development in the information age. Routledge. Huesmann, L.R. and Eron, L.D., 2013.Television and the aggressive child: A cross-national comparison. Routledge. Klausen, J., 2015. Tweeting the Jihad: Social media networks of Western foreign fighters in Syria and Iraq.Studies in Conflict Terrorism,38(1), pp.1-22. Landis, J., 2012. The Syrian Uprising of 2011: Why the Asad Regime Is Likely to Survive to 2013.Middle East Policy,19(1), pp.72-84. Lukin, A., 2013. Journalism, ideology and linguistics: The paradox of Chomskys linguistic legacy and his propaganda model.Journalism,14(1), pp.96-110. McCombs, M., 2014.Setting the agenda: Mass media and public opinion. John Wiley Sons. Perse, E.M. and Lambe, J., 2016.Media effects and society. Routledge. Sacco, V. and Bossio, D., 2015. Using social media in the news reportage of War Conflict: Opportunities and Challenges.The Journal of Media Innovations,2(1), pp.59-76. Sharara, S.L. and Kanj, S.S., 2014. War and infectious diseases: challenges of the Syrian civil war.PLoS pathogens,10(11), p.e1004438. Tumber, H., 2013.Media power, professionals and policies. Routledge.