Judith Butler Response Essay Example for Free

Judith Butler Response Essay Judith Butlers Beside Oneself: On the Limits of Sexual Autonomy is an extremely philosophical essay that asks many questions that challenges the reader to look within themselves to search for their own interpretation of what they believe the answer to be. The first statement that Butler opens with is, What makes for a livable world is no idol question. This statement almost seems like a question directed to the reader. I believe that people interpret what they believe would make their lives bearable differently. What I may seem bearable for my own life may be unbearable to anothers. It is up to the individual to decide for themselves. Butler continues by saying, It becomes a question of ethics when someone from a position of power decides what makes other peoples lives bearable. To me, the question of what makes my own life bearable is my family. Other people may have different responses to that question. It is not up to one person to decide for others what they can live and cant live without. I interpreted this concept to mean that no one should tell another person who they should love or what can make their lives livable because it is different for all of us. There is no simple answer, therefore no one should be in the position to tell other people how to live their lives. Butler finds something in common that we all share. We all grieve the lives of someone we have lost. We are all vulnerable to the pains and desires that our bodies feel for other bodies and we are all alike in that sense. Mourning is a feeling that everyone goes through when we lose someone and we all go through it in different ways. No one can tell you how to mourn or what is the correct way to mourn just as no one should tell you what makes your life livable. We all experience emotional ties to feel a sense of self and once that is taken away we lose a part of ourselves. Butler claims that we undo each other or else we are missing something. I agree that having close relationships with people make us weaker. We are vulnerable when our feelings get in the way of our judgments. We find ourselves wanting to protect our loved ones with our lives and wanting to make sacrifices for them that we otherwise would not make for strangers. That is also what makes human ties and bonds so special. We have the ability to love passionately and grieve deeply. These extreme emotions are what make us human and make our lives worth living. No one person can say they have superiority over another because they live their lives how they see fit and correct for everyone else. Butler goes on to say that ecstasy is a way to view how we live besides ourselves. The notion of ecstasy is a way to describe our passion or grief. When politicians talk about rights for gays, lesbians and bisexuals, they are talking to the group as bounded beings who all share the same distinct qualities. Yes, they share the same lifestyles, but to look at them as a whole excludes what makes each individual unique and what passions and hardships tears them from their being. Our bodies are how gender and sexuality are revealed to others, but the categorizing of these specific groups of people excludes so much more information about them that we will never know. Butler is saying that we need to strive to get away from being subjected as just humans. This notion does not make much sense because our culture does not view this idea as a normal thought. In order to fully understand a group of people who have been stereotyped, you have to view each individual as not only human, but a being that houses a broad spectrum of emotions that leads to ecstasy that makes them feel beside themselves. There is so much to a person and we often find ourselves limiting their capabilities by subjecting them to a specific term. Butler is challenging the way society views people who have been stereotyped by explaining that there is much more to any given person than meets the eye.

Are arithmetical truths empirically falsifiable? :: essays research papers

Arithmetic and the study of arithmetic have been around for many centuries. Used by people to trade with each other, understand each others’ problems, build houses etc. Arithmetic is a huge part of everyday life for everyone on the planet. So why do we have arithmetical ideas and concepts? I think this is pretty simple. Arithmetic exists because we need it to live and interact with each other. A good way for us to understand each other is through arithmetic. Although it sounds like arithmetic was found by humans, there is no way that it could have been created by us. Arithmetic is more of something that was discovered, although it already existed in the world around us. It was discovered so we can use it to figure out everyday problems and to understand the people and world around us. Later through extensive mathematics arithmetic has also become commonly used in high level mathematics where things may not relate to real life right now or sometimes never. It is crucial to understand the difference between two kinds of mathematics to really understand the question of arithmetical truths being empirically falsifiable or not. These two contexts in which we can analyze mathematics are pure mathematics (imaginary world) and applied mathematics (the real world around us). The imaginary world is the world that is created by formulas and mathematicians to try to understand the world in a general matter with certain theories while applied mathematics deals with real world problems rather than going for a general explanation. We can make this distinction by saying that pure mathematics never really only deals with the real world when it is applied thus causing it to be used as applied mathematics. Thus pure mathematics to a point is the cause for applied mathematics but this does not mean that pure mathematics deals with real world problems but rather might be the answer to some of the problems in the real world. I would also like to make the question about â€Å"arithmetical truths might be empirically falsifiable† or not clear, because there can be misunderstandings. I think the key to understand is that if an arithmetical truth is falsifiable it in no way means that the arithmetical truth is false. It just implies that there is a possibility that it might have a wrong answer or may be proven wrong in one way. This means that it is falsifiable if it might have one wrong answer at some point in time rather than false all together.

Implications of Economics and Policy for Health Professionals

Getzen, T. states, health is irreplaceable, and any change in health can strongly affect the value of many other goods. Health is more precious and time more limited than money. Managed Care is a system of health care that combines delivery and payment; and influences utilization of services, by employing management techniques designed to promote the delivery of cost-effective health care. Insurers/managed-care organizations controls health care in the United States today because nowhere are the changes in the U. S. health services system more evident and more constant than in area of managed care. The shift from fee-for-service to manage care was the need to reduce costs for care and was embraced by various payers as the solution to the unchecked rise in health services expenditures (Barton 2007). The current health care system in the United States is failing. Health Care costs are increasing at a pace which far exceeds inflation. Managed care organizations were established as a cost effective alternative to traditional fee for service. A constant and constantly changing factor that influences the delivery system is the strength of this economy (Barton 2007). When jobs are at stake in a weak economy and the housing market is also at its lowest, insurance premiums steadily increasing, individuals aren’t focused on maintaining health coverage they are more concern with maintaining their homes and trying to pay the mortgage. Health Care Administrators will be challenged with a number of different types of health decisions and choices can be distinguished from a wide range: individual decisions, health policy decisions, health action decisions, regulatory decisions regarding the health system, micro-level health decisions and decisions made outside of the health sector. PubMed suggests, with regard to health-related matters, decision-making is characterized by the level of uncertainty, the complexity of the health system and its structure, the role of urgency and the obligation to act; however, there is a significant emotional factor in these decisions and the supremacy of the individual in the decision-making process. On the policy side, health-related decision-making poses questions concerning the role of expertise and necessitates the development of public debate. As for the matter of health financing, namely through social security and insurance, it calls for a re-examination of the economic analysis of health decisions and policy and the development of a more coherent position on the right to health versus the right to universal coverage. Healthcare is changing in terms of how and where care is delivered, who is providing those services, and how that care is financed. Healthcare Administrators require trained staff to manage the changes taking place. Healthcare Administrators have an opportunity to make a significant contribution to improving the health of the communities their organizations serve. Health Care Administrators plays a key role in keeping cost at a minimum and oversee the delivery of quality care. It is a must that Administrators make effective decisions, they need to be open to different opinions and good at analyzing contradictory information. They must understand and incorporate the best business practices. Also their focus is integrating medicine through the highest quality, the most access, for the best economical method. (Linden 2010)

Physical and Behavioural Indicators of Possible Child Abuse Essay

Emotional abuse: Emotional abuse can severely damage a child’s mental health or social development, leaving a lasting impact on his life. Physical indicators: There are not really physical indicators of emotional abuse, but the child may have frequent psychosomatic complaints, headaches, nausea, abdominal pains. Behavioural indicators: The child may have mental or emotional development lags. Sometimes the child’s behaviour is inappropriate for the age. The child may be scared of consequences of actions, often leading to lying. The other indicators are aggressiveness poor peer relationships or overly compliant, too well-mannered. Neglect: Child neglect is a very common type of abuse – a parent’s inability to satisfy basic needs of the child, whether it is adequate food, clothing, hygiene, and adequate monitoring and care for him. Physical indicators: You can understand that that the child is being abuse by unattended medical and dental needs. When the child is inappropriate dress for weather conditions and has poor hygiene. Other indicator is when the child is not attending school or is not registered. Behavioural indicators: Emotional indicators are depression, poor impulse control or have lack of parental participation and interest. Also the child misuse of alcohol/drugs or regularly displays fatigue or listlessness, falls asleep in class. The child may start stealing food, or begs for food from classmates. Physical abuse: Physical abuse includes physical injury or trauma to the child. It may be the result of a deliberate attempt to injure the child, but not always. It can be the result of strict discipline, the use of belt or physical punishment, inappropriate for the child’s age or it’s condition. Many abusive parents and guardians insist that their actions are simply forms of discipline, a way to educate children. But there is much difference between the use of physical punishment to enforce discipline and physical abuse. The main effect of discipline is to teach children what is right and what is not, rather than live in fear. Physical Indicators: Physical indicators may be injuries as bruises, welts, cuts, burns, bite marks, fractures, that are not consistent with the explanation offered (e.g. extensive bruising to one area).Also repeated injuries over a period of time or injuries that form a shape or pattern that may look like the object used to make the injury for example buckle, hand, iron, teeth or cigarette burns. Other indicators are facial injuries in infants and preschool children for example cuts, bruises or sores. Also bald patches on child’s head where hair may have been torn out or repeated poisonings and/or accidents. Behavioural indicators: Behavioural indicators are runaway attempts, fear of going home or stilted conversation, vacant stares or frozen watchfulness, no attempt to seek comfort when hurt, also when the child describes themself as bad and deserving to be punished. You can understand that the child is being abuse when cannot recall how injuries occurred, or offers an inconsistent explanation and often absent from school/child care. Abused child may flinch if touched unexpectedly and may be extremely aggressive or withdrawn .The child may also use abusive behaviour and language in play. Sexual abuse: Sexual abuse is a very complex form of abuse beacause of feelings of guilt and shame. Important to note that sexual abuse does not always involve contact with the body. Physical indicators: Physical indicators may be sudden weight change, cuts or sores made by the child on the arm or recurring physical ailments. Also when the child has difficulty in walking or sitting and unusual or excessive itching in the genital or anal area due to infection. Other indicators are torn, stained or bloody underwear, also injuries to the mouth, genital or anal areas for example bruising, swelling, sores or infection. Behavioural indicators: You can understand that the child being abuse when it is sad and cries often, also if the child inserts objects into the vagina or rectum. The child may also change or loss of appetite and has sleep disturbances and nightmares .Also the child has fear of home or a specific place, excessive fear of men or women or lacks trust in others. The child may has age-inappropriate sexual play with toys, themselves or others for example replication of explicit sexual acts.

Factoring Values into the Analytical Process

Factoring Values into the Analytical Process Introduction The decisions of policy-makers can be affected by the values that these people have. They are supposed to find solutions that best serve the interests of the community. However, very often, the efforts of legislators do not produce the expected results. This paper is aimed at discussing the role of values in adjusting for governmental failures. There are several aspects that should be considered.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Factoring Values into the Analytical Process specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More First of all, in many cases, governmental officials fail to reconcile conflicting values and examine a problem from various perspectives. Moreover, they can focus on short-term results, rather than long-term impact of a certain activity on various stakeholders. By avoiding these pitfalls, public administrators can design more efficient public policies. These are the main issues that should be examined in greater detail. Governmental failures and values The failure to look at the problem from various perspectives First, one can mention that policy-makers take decisions and provide justifications on the basis of their values. For example, one can mention such a controversial issue as oil drilling. A person, who focuses on the preservation of the environment, can emphasize the impacts of pollution on health and life of the community while presenting his/her arguments. In contrast, a politician, who attaches importance to economic development, will set stress on the benefits of this activity (Weimer Vining, 2010). In turn, these people may not be able to look at this question from various perspectives and design the most effective policies. Similarly, such a situation can occur when public administrators cannot properly evaluate the costs and benefits a certain initiative. This is one of the first problems that should not be overlooked. Evaluation of long-term implications Apart from that, the values of policy-makers affect the analytical approach that adopt. This argument is particularly relevant if one speaks about market interventions such as protectionism in the United States (Segal, 2010, p. 10). For example, a supporter of protectionist policies can pay more attention to the number of jobs that such a policy can save. In contrast, an opponent of this approach can say that this policy will deprive the budget of the country of substantial income (Weimer Vining, 2010). Moreover, customers may have to pay a higher price for identical products (Segal, 2010, p. 10). Such a view of the problem is not complete. In the long term, it can result only in the failures of well-intentioned laws.Advertising Looking for essay on government? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Similar situations can be observed when governmental officials discuss the defense budget of a country. For example, those people, who v alue security, will speak about the threats that cannot be affectively addressed if the government does not increase its military expenses (Hewitt, 1991, p. 8). In contrast, other officials can emphasize the necessity to spend this money on other public needs. More importantly, these individuals are often unwilling to evaluate the long-term consequences of their decisions. Thus, one can argue that the values of a individual affect his/her choice of analytical framework. Conclusion On the whole, this discussion suggests that values play a critical for explain the failures of many governmental initiatives. Sometimes, the priorities of policy-makers can prevent them from examining the long-term consequences of their decisions. This problem should be taken into account by the legislators, who work on the development of laws. Provided that this issue is not addressed, their initiatives can lead to adverse consequences. Reference List Hewitt, D. (1991). Military Expenditure: International Comparison of Trends. Boston: International Monetary Fund. Segal, E. (2010). Social Welfare Policy and Social Programs: A Values Perspective. New York: Cengage Learning. Weimer, D., Vining, A. (2010). Policy analysis. New York: Longman.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Factoring Values into the Analytical Process specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More

Grammar Myths Ending a Sentence with a Preposition

Grammar Myths Ending a Sentence with a Preposition Grammar Myths: Ending a Sentence with a Preposition Why do people always misquote me? Winston Churchill Ending a sentence with a preposition has long been forbidden by grammar pedants. And when accused of doing this, Winston Churchill is supposed to have responded: This is the sort of nonsense up with which I will not put! Do you see what he did there? And even if he probably never said it, it provides a great jumping off point for discussing a famous grammatical â€Å"rule.† So is ending a sentence with a preposition really so bad? And if not, where did the rule come from? Let us explain. The Origins of the Myth Some people insist that it’s wrong to end a sentence with a preposition. This is otherwise known as using a â€Å"terminal preposition.† The rule about this comes from the notion that English should follow the same rules as Latin, in which it is impossible to end a sentence with a preposition. For someone who holds this view, sentence A below would be wrong: A) You are reading the book which my article was published in. B) You are reading the book in which my article was published. The problem is that sentence A ends with the preposition â€Å"in,† while sentence B places the preposition in the middle of the sentence. Arguably, this makes B sound more formal than A. But, at the same time, it is easy to understand what sentence A means. And English is not Latin, so there is no reason to follow Latin-specific rules. Modern English is much more flexible about preposition placement. And there’s no reason not to end a sentence with a preposition. Is Ending a Sentence with a Preposition Wrong? In English, we regularly use prepositions at the end of sentences. As long as the sentence in question reads clearly, this is fine. In fact, as shown by the quote attributed to Churchill above, avoiding terminal prepositions can sometimes make a sentence more confusing! For instance, rather than â€Å"up with which I will not put,† we would usually say: This is the sort of nonsense which I will not put up with! And while this sentence ends with the preposition â€Å"with,† it is easier to understand than the original version, which was designed to show what happens when we follow grammar â€Å"rules† blindly. The â€Å"rule† forbidding terminal prepositions is thus a myth. But, more importantly, it’s also bad advice! Most of the time, it’s fine to end a sentence with a preposition, especially if it’s part of a verb phrase such as â€Å"put up with.† The key is ensuring your work is clear and easy to read. And if you’re ever unsure whether you’re using prepositions correctly, we’re here to help!

Economic events Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Economic events - Essay Example Such historical instances of oil shocks had subsequent implications on the world’s economy in diverse ways. From observations of oil supply disruptions for over almost six decades now, from 1944, it is incontrovertible that high oil prices have been the significant cause of world’s major economic recessions. Introduction of Bretton Woods system was one of the post-war reconstruction initiatives undertaken by world leaders from over one hundred states. It is remarkable that the U.S dollar dominated during the world war for being very powerful against other currencies. The Bretton Woods system, a decision made in 1944, allowed for the exchange of different currencies. The conference also resolved to form the IMF. The World Bank was among the institutions formed during the conference. The IMF was created for the function of monitoring the different countries’ rates of exchange. It also served as an institution mandated to lend reserve currencies. The decision was to help countries with deficits to evade any circumstances that would cause devaluation of the country's currency and cause instability. The World Bank’s mandate was to issue capital needed to the underdeveloped countries as part of post-war reconstruction of the global economy. ... By the end of the second war, the U. S still experienced a relatively stable economic state compared to other countries. All the nations, therefore, decided to trade in dollar which was pegged to gold. The United States expressed its dedication to redeeming the international holdings of the dollar. The rate set was thirty-five dollars per ounce. This was the greatest reason for the stability in the financial system experienced after 1944. The gold standard set in 1944 ensured stability in the rates of exchange. Under the Bretton Woods system, there were exclusively limited conditions that would call for a reform of the value of gold in relation to the currency of any country. It led to the ceiling of the domestic money supply of every country. The 1970s, however, presented several challenges to the U.S currency following several economic conditions, which brought in many challenges to the stability of the dollar. There were the economic effects of the Vietnam War, for instance. The U .S, in 1971, made the decision that was later to have an effect on the entire world economy and cause a collapse of the stability that prevailed since 1944. Without consultations, the U.S disregarded the gold standard set in 1944. Floating rates started to function as compared to fixed rates after the uplifting of the pegging. Market trading remained the determinant of the currency value of all currencies. The effects of uplifting of the pegging on the oil price had extensive implications and were a cause of instability. Since the dollar is the global currency used in the crude oil market, a weak dollar would attract a high price of oil. An example is the high price of gasoline that